School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
Int Breastfeed J. 2013 Aug 8;8(1):9. doi: 10.1186/1746-4358-8-9.
A prelacteal feed is any food except mother's milk provided to a newborn before initiating breastfeeding. Prelacteal feeding is a major barrier to exclusive breastfeeding. It is a prevalent practice in Nepal. Little is known about the factors associated with providing prelacteal feeds to the Nepalese newborn. This study explored the factors associated with providing prelacteal feeds to children under three years in Nepal using the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2011.
This study utilised the NDHS 2011 child dataset which is a nationally representative study. The rates of providing prelacteal feeds were reported as a proportion. Complex Sample Analysis method was used to account for the cluster design and sample weight of the study. Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression were used to analyse the factors associated with providing prelacteal feeds.
A sample of 3948 mothers were included in the study. A total of 841 [26.5% (95% CI: 23.1%-30.3%)] weighted proportion) of mothers reported of providing prelacteal feeds to their newborn infants. Plain water (n = 75), sugar/glucose (n = 35), gripe water (n = 3), sugar/salt solution (n = 3), fruit juice (n = 3), infant formula (n = 96), tea (n = 3) and other milk other than breast milk (n = 556) were some of the types of prelacteal feeds reported. The multiple regression analysis showed that the mothers who had no education, were not working, were from the middle wealth quintile, who had not attended four antenatal care visits, were first time mothers and who were from the Terai/Plain region were more likely to provide prelacteal feeds.
Given that one in four infants were provided with prelacteal feeds, there is a need to implement breastfeeding promotion programs to increase the practice of exclusive breastfeeding and reduce prelacteal feeding practices. Breastfeeding counseling at antenatal clinics and peer support for exclusive breastfeeding should be included as part of breastfeeding promotion programs. Mobilisation of female community health volunteers for peer counseling is also a feasible option for Nepal.
非母乳是指在开始母乳喂养之前给新生儿提供的除母乳以外的任何食物。非母乳喂养是纯母乳喂养的主要障碍。它在尼泊尔是一种普遍的做法。对于与向尼泊尔新生儿提供非母乳有关的因素知之甚少。本研究利用 2011 年尼泊尔人口与健康调查（NDHS）数据，探讨了与向三岁以下儿童提供非母乳有关的因素。
本研究利用 NDHS 2011 年儿童数据集，该数据集是一项具有全国代表性的研究。非母乳喂养的比例报告为比例。复杂样本分析方法用于考虑研究的聚类设计和样本权重。卡方检验和多因素逻辑回归用于分析与提供非母乳有关的因素。
本研究纳入了 3948 名母亲的样本。共有 841 名（841[26.5%（95%置信区间：23.1%-30.3%）]加权比例）母亲报告给新生儿提供非母乳。白开水（n=75）、糖/葡萄糖（n=35）、婴儿肠绞痛水（n=3）、糖/盐溶液（n=3）、果汁（n=3）、婴儿配方奶粉（n=96）、茶（n=3）和其他非母乳（n=556）是报告的一些非母乳类型。多因素回归分析显示，未受过教育、不工作、来自中等财富五分位数、未接受过四次产前护理、初次生育和来自 Terai/平原地区的母亲更有可能提供非母乳。
鉴于四分之一的婴儿接受了非母乳喂养，因此需要实施母乳喂养促进计划，以增加纯母乳喂养的实施，并减少非母乳喂养的做法。应将产前诊所的母乳喂养咨询和纯母乳喂养的同伴支持纳入母乳喂养促进计划。动员女性社区卫生志愿者进行同伴咨询也是尼泊尔的一个可行选择。
