Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy,
Parasitol Res. 2013 Nov;112(11):3753-6. doi: 10.1007/s00436-013-3561-6. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens, and Acanthocheilonema reconditum are the most important canine filariae. These species are expanding their distribution in both endemic regions and in previously free areas, thus enhancing the risk for single and mixed infestations in both dogs and humans. The present study evaluated the potential use of moxidectin in a spot-on formulation in preventing these dog filarioses in a confined area where the three major canine filariae live in sympatry. The trial was performed in a private shelter with a history of mixed infestations. Twenty-nine negative dogs were monthly treated with a spot-on formulation containing moxidectin 2.5%/imidacloprid 10% in spring and summer of 2010. The blood of the dogs was examined monthly with classical and molecular assays until December 2011. Twenty-six dogs completed the study, and they scored constantly negative to all diagnostic assays. Three further dogs completed the study in February 2011 until when they were filariae-negative. These results show that monthly treatment with moxidectin may potentially contribute in reducing the spreading of canine filarial diseases. The permanent negativity of treated dogs for the study period is discussed in relation to the potential use of this spot-on formulation in the prevention of single and mixed infestations of major vector-borne canine filariae.
犬恶丝虫、犬心丝虫和旋尾丝虫是最重要的犬丝虫。这些物种在流行地区和以前无病地区的分布都在扩大，因此增加了犬和人单一和混合感染的风险。本研究评估了在一个犬恶丝虫、犬心丝虫和旋尾丝虫共同流行的封闭区域，使用莫昔克丁透皮溶液预防这些犬丝虫病的潜在用途。该试验在一个有混合感染史的私人收容所进行。2010 年春、夏两季，29 只阴性犬每月接受含有 2.5%莫昔克丁/10%吡虫啉的透皮溶液治疗。用经典和分子检测法每月检查犬的血液，直至 2011 年 12 月。26 只犬完成了研究，它们对所有诊断检测均持续呈阴性。另外 3 只犬在 2011 年 2 月完成了研究，直至它们呈丝虫阴性。这些结果表明，每月用莫昔克丁治疗可能有助于减少犬丝虫病的传播。讨论了在预防主要传播媒介相关犬丝虫的单一和混合感染中，这种透皮溶液的潜在用途与治疗犬在研究期间持续阴性的关系。
