Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre de Biologie, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Microbes, Intestins, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte, INSERM U1071, INRA, USC2018, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2014 Jan;20(1):O20-6. doi: 10.1111/1469-0691.12321. Epub 2013 Aug 9.
Since the end of the last century resistance to oxyimino β-lactams has steadily increased in Enterobacteriaceae. In the present work we studied extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated in the teaching hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France, between 2006 and 2009. A total of 1368 ESBL-producing isolates were collected. Most of these isolates (69%) were CTX-M-producing Escherichia coli. During the study, the clinical incidence increased by more than 400%, even in the emergency department, and especially in community-acquired infections, as is the case elsewhere in the world. Most of the ESBL-producing isolates remained susceptible to furans and fosfomycin, but only 50% to fluoroquinolons. In conclusion, ESBL-producing bacteria constantly increased during the study period. Unlike many studies, this increase was associated with the wide dissemination of three different CTX-M enzymes: CTX-M-14, CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-1.
自上世纪末以来，肠杆菌科对氧亚氨基β-内酰胺类抗生素的耐药性稳步上升。在本研究中，我们研究了 2006 年至 2009 年间在法国克莱蒙费朗教学医院分离的产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的肠杆菌科菌株。共收集了 1368 株产 ESBL 的分离株。这些分离株中，大部分（69%）为产 CTX-M 的大肠埃希菌。在研究期间，临床发病率增加了 400%以上，甚至在急诊科，尤其是在社区获得性感染中，这与世界其他地区的情况相同。大多数产 ESBL 的分离株仍然对呋喃类和磷霉素敏感，但对氟喹诺酮类的敏感性仅为 50%。总之，在研究期间，产 ESBL 的细菌不断增加。与许多研究不同，这种增加与三种不同的 CTX-M 酶（CTX-M-14、CTX-M-15 和 CTX-M-1）的广泛传播有关。
