1University of Southampton, UK.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2013 Nov;39(11):1484-96. doi: 10.1177/0146167213499187. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
This research examined the proposition that nostalgia is not simply a past-oriented emotion, but its scope extends into the future, and, in particular, a positive future. We adopted a convergent validation approach, using multiple methods to assess the relation between nostalgia and optimism. Study 1 tested whether nostalgic narratives entail traces of optimism; indeed, nostalgic (compared with ordinary) narratives contained more expressions of optimism. Study 2 manipulated nostalgia through the recollection of nostalgic (vs. ordinary) events, and showed that nostalgia boosts optimism. Study 3 demonstrated that the effect of nostalgia (induced with nomothetically relevant songs) on optimism is mediated by self-esteem. Finally, Study 4 established that nostalgia (induced with idiographically relevant lyrics) fosters social connectedness, which subsequently increases self-esteem, which then boosts optimism. The nostalgic experience is inherently optimistic and paints a subjectively rosier future.
本研究检验了这样一个假设，即怀旧不仅仅是一种面向过去的情绪，它的范围还延伸到未来，特别是积极的未来。我们采用了一种收敛验证方法，使用多种方法来评估怀旧与乐观之间的关系。研究 1 检验了怀旧叙事是否包含乐观的痕迹；事实上，怀旧（与普通）叙事包含了更多的乐观表达。研究 2 通过回忆怀旧（与普通）事件来操纵怀旧，结果表明怀旧会增强乐观。研究 3 表明，怀旧（通过与共同主题相关的歌曲来引发）对乐观的影响是通过自尊来介导的。最后，研究 4 表明，怀旧（通过与个人相关的歌词来引发）促进了社会联系，进而提高了自尊，从而增强了乐观。怀旧的体验本质上是乐观的，描绘了一个主观上更加美好的未来。
