Ades P A, Gunther P G, Meyer W L, Gibson T C, Maddalena J, Orfeo T
Division of Cardiology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington.
Am J Cardiol. 1990 Sep 1;66(5):591-6. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(90)90486-k.
Cardiovascular and peripheral adaptations to an aerobic conditioning program were studied in 30 hypertensive adults taking either placebo, beta 1-selective beta-adrenergic blocker (metoprolol) or beta 1-nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker (propranolol). The placebo group increased aerobic capacity (VO2max) 24% (p less than 0.002), largely explained by an increased peripheral arteriovenous (AV) oxygen difference with minimal changes in cardiac size and function. Resting blood pressure and total systemic resistance also decreased. The group taking a beta 1-selective beta blocker increased VO2max 8% (p less than 0.05), reduced resting blood pressure but had no significant change of AV oxygen difference or cardiac size or function. The group taking the beta 1-nonselective beta blocker propranolol had no increase in VO2max, no decrease in resting blood pressure and no cardiovascular or peripheral adaptations to the exercise program. Thus, beta 1-selective and beta 1-nonselective beta blockers attenuate conditioning in hypertensive patients to differing degrees, in each case by blocking peripheral mechanisms of conditioning.
对30名服用安慰剂、β1选择性β肾上腺素能阻滞剂（美托洛尔）或β1非选择性β肾上腺素能阻滞剂（普萘洛尔）的高血压成年人进行了研究，观察心血管和外周对有氧训练计划的适应性。安慰剂组的有氧能力（最大摄氧量）提高了24%（p<0.002），这主要是由于外周动静脉氧差增加，而心脏大小和功能变化极小。静息血压和总全身阻力也有所下降。服用β1选择性β阻滞剂的组最大摄氧量提高了8%（p<0.05），静息血压降低，但动静脉氧差、心脏大小或功能无显著变化。服用β1非选择性β阻滞剂普萘洛尔的组最大摄氧量没有增加，静息血压没有降低，对运动计划也没有心血管或外周适应性变化。因此，β1选择性和β1非选择性β阻滞剂在不同程度上减弱了高血压患者的训练效果，在每种情况下都是通过阻断训练的外周机制来实现的。
