Katrolia Priti, Rajashekhara Eranna, Yan Qiaojuan, Jiang Zhengqiang
Department of Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University , Beijing , China , and.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2014 Dec;34(4):307-17. doi: 10.3109/07388551.2013.794124. Epub 2013 Aug 13.
The enzyme α-galactosidase (α-D-galactoside galactohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.22) catalyzes the hydrolysis of α-1,6-linked galactose residues in oligosaccharides and polymeric galactomannan. The α-galactosidases are of particular interest in view of their many potential biotechnological and medical applications. These enzymes have found wide use in various industries such as food and feed, sugar and paper and pulp for the removal of raffinose and stachyose. They are also important medically for blood group conversion and in the treatment of Fabry disease. Most of the research on α-galactosidases has focused on their isolation from various microbial sources. In the last decade, cloning of novel α-galactosidase genes and their heterologous expression has gained momentum. The present review focuses on the production of α-galactosidases from bacteria, fungi and yeast, and discusses their properties. Recent progress on cloning and heterologous expression in various hosts is summarized with special emphasis on their application in various fields.
α-半乳糖苷酶（α-D-半乳糖苷半乳糖水解酶；EC 3.2.1.22）催化寡糖和聚合半乳甘露聚糖中α-1,6-连接的半乳糖残基的水解。鉴于α-半乳糖苷酶具有许多潜在的生物技术和医学应用，它们尤其受到关注。这些酶已在食品和饲料、制糖、造纸和纸浆等各种行业中广泛用于去除棉子糖和水苏糖。它们在血型转换和法布里病的治疗方面也具有重要的医学意义。大多数关于α-半乳糖苷酶的研究都集中在从各种微生物来源中分离它们。在过去十年中，新型α-半乳糖苷酶基因的克隆及其异源表达得到了发展。本综述重点介绍了细菌、真菌和酵母产生的α-半乳糖苷酶，并讨论了它们的特性。总结了在各种宿主中克隆和异源表达的最新进展，特别强调了它们在各个领域的应用。
