Pesquero M A, Dias A M P M
Neotrop Entomol. 2011 Nov-Dec;40(6):647-52. doi: 10.1590/s1519-566x2011000600003.
Solenopsis saevissima (Smith) and Solenopsis invicta Buren are the most abundant and widely distributed fire ants in Brazil. The occurrence of the two fire ant species and of their parasitoids Pseudacteon spp. is described for a climatic and phytophysiognomic transition area in the state of São Paulo. Both fire ant species have a parapatric distribution, apparently determined by the climate: S. saevissima predominates in the north part of São Paulo (Aw climate), while S. invicta in the south (Cfa climate). A sympatric area is observed between the latitudes 21ºS and 23ºS. Two different communities of parasitic decapitating flies were associated with S. saevissima in the north and with S. invicta in the south, with a sympatric area in the municipality of São Carlos (21º58'S 47º53'W). The possible causes of this biogeographic pattern are discussed. Preference tests with Pseudacteon flies challenge the association of P. litoralis Borgmeier, P. curvatus Borgmeier, P. wasmanni Schmitz, P. pradei Borgmeier and P. obtusus Borgmeier with S. saevissima, and P. dentiger Borgmeier, P. disneyi Pesquero and P. lenkoi Borgmeier & Prado with S. invicta.
野蛮收获蚁（史密斯）和红火蚁是巴西数量最多、分布最广的火蚁。本文描述了圣保罗州一个气候和植物地貌过渡区这两种火蚁及其寄生蝇类伪切叶蚁属物种的分布情况。这两种火蚁呈现邻域分布，显然是由气候决定的：野蛮收获蚁在圣保罗州北部（热带稀树草原气候）占主导，而红火蚁在南部（亚热带湿润气候）占主导。在南纬21°至23°之间观察到一个同域分布区域。在北部，有两个不同的寄生斩首蝇群落与野蛮收获蚁相关联，在南部则与红火蚁相关联，在圣卡洛斯市（南纬21°58′，西经47°53′）有一个同域分布区域。本文还讨论了这种生物地理模式的可能成因。对伪切叶蚁属苍蝇的偏好测试对海滨伪切叶蚁、弯角伪切叶蚁、瓦斯曼伪切叶蚁、普拉德伪切叶蚁和钝伪切叶蚁与野蛮收获蚁的关联，以及齿伪切叶蚁、迪士尼伪切叶蚁和伦科伪切叶蚁与红火蚁的关联提出了质疑。
