Catalytic Processes and Materials, Faculty of Science & Technology, MESA+Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede (The Netherlands) www.utwente.nl/tnw/cpm/
ChemSusChem. 2013 Sep;6(9):1651-8. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201300446. Epub 2013 Aug 12.
The synthesis of biomass-based top value-added chemical platforms, for example, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, furfural, or levulinic acid from the acid-catalyzed dehydration of sugars results in high yields of insoluble by-products, referred to as humin. Valorization of humin by steam reforming for H2 is discussed. Both thermal and catalytic steam gasification were investigated systematically. Humin undergoes drastic changes under thermal pre-treatment to the gasification temperature. Alkali-metal-based catalysts were screened for the reactions. Na2 CO3 showed the highest activity and was selected for further study. The presence of Na2 CO3 enhances the gasification rate drastically, and gas-product analysis shows that the selectivity to CO and CO2 is 75% and 25%, respectively, which is a H2 /CO ratio of 2 (corresponding to 81.3% H2 as compared to the thermodynamic equilibrium). A possible process for the complete, efficient conversion of humin is outlined.
生物质基高附加值化学平台的合成，例如通过糖的酸催化脱水得到的 5-羟甲基糠醛、糠醛或乙酰丙酸，会产生大量不溶性副产物，称为腐殖质。本文讨论了通过蒸汽重整将腐殖质转化为氢气的方法。系统研究了热和催化蒸汽气化。腐殖质在热预处理到气化温度的过程中会发生剧烈变化。筛选了碱金属基催化剂用于反应。Na2CO3 表现出最高的活性，因此被选为进一步研究的催化剂。Na2CO3 的存在大大提高了气化速率，气体产物分析表明 CO 和 CO2 的选择性分别为 75%和 25%，即 H2 /CO 比为 2（与热力学平衡相比，H2 占 81.3%）。概述了一种完全、高效转化腐殖质的可能工艺。
