Zhang Xu, Xi Bei-Dou, Zhao Yue, Wei Zi-Min, Li Yang, Zhao Xin-Yu
College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2013 Jun;34(6):2448-55.
A laboratory aerobic incubation experiment was conducted under a constant temperature to investigate the differentiation rule of nitrogen form among soils amended with different organic wastes composted with food waste, chicken manure, cow manure, domestic waste, vegetable residue, sludge, turf and tomato residue. Experiment utilized soils amended with 0%, 5% and 50% (m/m) of eight organic waste composts. The purpose was to understand the effect of different organic wastes on nitrogen mineralization in soil. This study deals with eight organic waste compost treatments could rapidly increase NH4(+) -N concentrations, reduce the NO3(-)-N concentrations and promote nitrogen mineralization in soil after 3-4 weeks incubation. All parameter tended to be stable. The improved amplitude of the same compost-amended soil: 30% compost treatments > 15% compost treatments > 5% compost treatments. Within the same proportion, chicken manure compost, turf compost and sludge compost product treatments' relative N mineralization was higher than other compost product treatments, and the chicken manure compost treatment's relative N mineralization was significantly higher than other compost product treatments. Food waste compost and vegetable residue compost product treatments' mineralization was low, the lowest was domestic waste compost product treatment. All compost treatments could significantly improve the values of potentially mineralizable nitrogen(N(0)), mineralization rate (k), and promote nitrogen mineralization in soil. The results illustrated that the effect of organic waste compost on the mineralization of nitrogen varied with types of compost and the amount of input compost.
进行了一项实验室恒温好氧培养实验，以研究用食物垃圾、鸡粪、牛粪、生活垃圾、蔬菜残渣、污泥、草皮和番茄残渣堆肥的不同有机废物改良土壤中氮形态的分化规律。实验采用了添加0%、5%和50%（质量/质量）八种有机废物堆肥改良的土壤。目的是了解不同有机废物对土壤氮矿化的影响。本研究涉及的八种有机废物堆肥处理在培养3-4周后可迅速提高土壤中NH4(+) -N浓度，降低NO3(-)-N浓度并促进氮矿化。所有参数趋于稳定。相同堆肥改良土壤的提高幅度：30%堆肥处理>15%堆肥处理>5%堆肥处理。在相同比例下，鸡粪堆肥、草皮堆肥和污泥堆肥产品处理的相对氮矿化高于其他堆肥产品处理，且鸡粪堆肥处理的相对氮矿化显著高于其他堆肥产品处理。食物垃圾堆肥和蔬菜残渣堆肥产品处理的矿化较低，最低的是生活垃圾堆肥产品处理。所有堆肥处理均可显著提高潜在矿化氮（N(0)）、矿化率（k）的值，并促进土壤中的氮矿化。结果表明，有机废物堆肥对氮矿化的影响因堆肥类型和堆肥投入量而异。
