Brown G Ted, Rodger Sylvia, Brown Anita, Roever Carsten
Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Primary Health Care, Monash University-Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Victoria, Australia, 3199
Occup Ther Health Care. 2007;21(4):39-69. doi: 10.1080/J003v21n04_03.
This study established a current profile of Canadian pediatric occupational therapy practice in terms of theories/practice models, assessments, and interventions.
Respondents were 272 members of the Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists who indicated that pediatrics was their primary area of clinical practice. A purpose-designed survey was mailed to participants.
The response rate was adequate at 27.2% (n = 272/1,000). The primary client groups seen by pediatric therapists were developmental delay, learning disability, neurology, and those requiring rehabilitation. Sensory Integration and Client-Centred Practice were the most frequently utilized theories/practice models. The most commonly used assessments were the Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration, Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, and the Sensory Profile. The most frequently used intervention techniques with pediatric clients were the instruction of parents/caregivers and children; assistive devices, adaptive equipment, and technology; activities of daily living/self-care skills; and environmental modification/access/structuring/adaptation.
Pediatric occupational therapists mainly used theories/ practice models that focused on three areas: Client-Centred practice, practice-oriented theories, and several theories/practice models based on occupation. Interventions focused on teaching, activities unique to occupational therapy, and on the functional needs of the client.
本研究从理论/实践模式、评估和干预方面建立了加拿大儿科职业治疗实践的当前概况。
受访者为加拿大职业治疗师协会的272名成员，他们表示儿科是其临床实践的主要领域。向参与者邮寄了一份专门设计的调查问卷。
回复率为27.2%（n = 272/1,000），较为可观。儿科治疗师接待的主要客户群体是发育迟缓、学习障碍、神经科以及需要康复的患者。感觉统合和以客户为中心的实践是最常使用的理论/实践模式。最常用的评估方法是视觉运动整合发育测试、皮博迪发育运动量表、布鲁宁克斯 - 奥塞瑞斯基运动能力测试和感觉概况量表。与儿科客户最常使用的干预技术是对家长/照顾者和儿童的指导；辅助设备、适应性设备和技术；日常生活活动/自我护理技能；以及环境改造/通道/结构调整/适应。
儿科职业治疗师主要使用专注于三个领域的理论/实践模式：以客户为中心的实践、以实践为导向的理论以及几种基于职业的理论/实践模式。干预措施侧重于教学、职业治疗特有的活动以及客户的功能需求。
