Hesson J C, Rettich F, Merdić E, Vignjević G, Ostman O, Schäfer M, Schaffner F, Foussadier R, Besnard G, Medlock J, Scholte E-J, Lundström J O
Population Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Med Vet Entomol. 2014 Jun;28(2):179-86. doi: 10.1111/mve.12024. Epub 2013 Aug 16.
Two species of arbovirus vector, Culex torrentium and Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae), occur in several European countries, but difficulties in their accurate identification and discrimination have hampered both detailed and large-scale distribution and abundance studies. Using a molecular identification method, we identified to species 2559 larvae of Cx. pipiens/torrentium collected from 138 sites in 13 European countries ranging from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean coast. In addition, samples of 1712 males of Cx. pipiens/torrentium collected at several sites in the Czech Republic were identified to species based on the morphology of their hypopygia. We found that the two species occur together in large areas of Europe, and that Cx. torrentium dominates in northern Europe and Cx. pipiens dominates south of the Alps. The transition in dominance occurs in central Europe, where both species are roughly equally common. There was a strong correlation between the length of the growing season at different sites and occurrences of the two species. As the growing season increases, the proportion and detection of Cx. torrentium decrease, whereas those of Cx. pipiens increase. The present findings have important consequences for the interpretation of the results of studies on major enzootic and link-vectors of mosquito-borne bird-associated viruses (i.e. Sindbis, West Nile and Usutu viruses), especially in central Europe and Scandinavia.
两种虫媒病毒载体物种，即溪流库蚊和尖音库蚊（双翅目：蚊科），在几个欧洲国家均有出现，但准确鉴定和区分它们存在困难，这阻碍了详细的和大规模的分布及丰度研究。我们采用分子鉴定方法，对从13个欧洲国家（从斯堪的纳维亚半岛到地中海沿岸）的138个地点采集的2559只尖音库蚊/溪流库蚊幼虫进行了物种鉴定。此外，根据捷克共和国多个地点采集的1712只尖音库蚊/溪流库蚊雄蚊尾下叶的形态对其进行了物种鉴定。我们发现这两个物种在欧洲大片地区共同存在，且溪流库蚊在北欧占主导，尖音库蚊在阿尔卑斯山以南占主导。优势地位的转变发生在中欧，在那里两个物种大致同样常见。不同地点的生长季节长度与这两个物种的出现情况之间存在很强的相关性。随着生长季节延长，溪流库蚊的比例和检出率下降，而尖音库蚊的比例和检出率上升。本研究结果对于解释蚊媒鸟类相关病毒（即辛德毕斯病毒、西尼罗河病毒和乌苏图病毒）主要动物疫源和传播媒介的研究结果具有重要意义，尤其是在中欧和斯堪的纳维亚半岛。
