Generation of patient-specific induced neuronal cells using a direct reprogramming strategy.

Direct reprogramming of human fibroblasts into functional neurons in vitro by defined factors provides an invaluable resource for regenerative medicine. However, clinical applications must consider the risk of immune rejection, thus patient-specific induced neuronal cells (iNCs) may serve as an ideal source for autologous cell replacement. In this study, we report a robust process for functional neuronal cells from the patients' scalp by lentiviral gene delivery of Ascl1, Myt1l, and Sox2. These three-factor iNCs are similar to human neuronal cells in morphology, surface antigens, gene expression, and electrophysiological characteristics. Our findings might provide a source of patient-specific functional neurons for cell therapy.