Nakamura Yoshikazu, Kanemarum Kaori, Fukami Kiyoko
Laboratory of Genome and Biosignals, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
Adv Biol Regul. 2013 Sep;53(3):356-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jbior.2013.07.003. Epub 2013 Jul 16.
Phospholipase C (PLC) is a key enzyme in phosphoinositide turnover, and in the regulation of various cellular events. Among the 13 PLC isozymes, PLCδ1 and PLCδ3 share a high sequence homology, and similar tissue distribution. Recent studies with genetically manipulated mice have clarified the importance of these PLC isozymes in a number of tissues. PLCδ1 is required for maintenance of homeostasis in skin and metabolic tissues, while PLCδ3 regulates microvilli formation in enterocytes and the radial migration of neurons in the cerebral cortex of the developing brain. Furthermore, simultaneous loss of PLCδ1 and PLCδ3 in mice causes placental vascular defects, leading to embryonic lethality. Taken together, PLCδ1 and PLCδ3 have unique and redundant roles in various tissues.
磷脂酶C（PLC）是磷酸肌醇代谢及各种细胞活动调节中的关键酶。在13种PLC同工酶中，PLCδ1和PLCδ3具有高度的序列同源性以及相似的组织分布。最近对基因工程小鼠的研究阐明了这些PLC同工酶在许多组织中的重要性。皮肤和代谢组织中的内环境稳定维持需要PLCδ1，而PLCδ3则调节肠上皮细胞中的微绒毛形成以及发育中大脑皮层神经元的径向迁移。此外，小鼠中PLCδ1和PLCδ3同时缺失会导致胎盘血管缺陷，从而导致胚胎致死。综上所述，PLCδ1和PLCδ3在各种组织中具有独特和冗余的作用。
