Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Universitari del Mar. Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Marítim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain,
Clin Transl Oncol. 2014 Jan;16(1):11-7. doi: 10.1007/s12094-013-1100-7. Epub 2013 Aug 15.
Extravasation of cytotoxic agents is a true medical emergency. Dexrazoxane is the only licensed drug for the treatment of anthracycline extravasations. Dexrazoxane proved to be effective and moderately well tolerated. However, alternative approaches for the management of anthracycline extravasations are available such as topical DMSO and cooling. There appears to be general agreement about dexrazoxane usefulness when extravasations involve large volumes of anthracycline and/or central venous access device. Nevertheless, the non-invasive combination of DMSO and cooling is the most commonly described therapy, particularly in small anthracycline extravasations. Further research is still needed to establish unequivocal situations where dexrazoxane must be initiated.
细胞毒性药物外渗是一种真正的医疗急症。右雷佐生是唯一被批准用于治疗蒽环类药物外渗的药物。右雷佐生被证明是有效且具有中等耐受性的。然而，对于蒽环类药物外渗的管理，还有其他替代方法，如局部二甲基亚砜（DMSO）和冷敷。当外渗涉及大量蒽环类药物和/或中央静脉通路装置时，似乎普遍认为右雷佐生是有用的。然而，DMSO 和冷敷的非侵入性联合治疗是最常描述的治疗方法，特别是在小剂量蒽环类药物外渗的情况下。仍需要进一步的研究来确定必须开始使用右雷佐生的明确情况。
