Kessel Ramona, Gecht Judith, Forkmann Thomas, Drueke Barbara, Gauggel Siegfried, Mainz Verena
Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 19, 52074, Aachen, Germany,
Psychol Res. 2014 Jul;78(4):597-607. doi: 10.1007/s00426-013-0511-y. Epub 2013 Aug 18.
Metacognitive monitoring is a central element of metacognitive processing exerting widespread influences on information processing. Albeit being subject to numerous empirical investigations referring to memory performance, there is little research investigating metacognitive monitoring in other cognitive domains. The present study investigated in 45 healthy students whether factors that are known to influence monitoring of memory performance, i.e., task difficulty, time of assessment, and practice, also exhibit a significant impact on monitoring of attention performance. A multivariate analysis of variance with three within-subject repeated measures factors on two dependent variables (monitoring of (a) time, and (b) errors in an attention task) was conducted. Results showed that monitoring ability significantly decreased with increasing task difficulty, was significantly better for post than for pre-assessment, and significantly increased with practice. Therefore, results suggest that the examined factors influenced monitoring of attention performance equivalent to the influence of these factors found in metamemory research.
元认知监控是元认知加工的核心要素，对信息加工有着广泛影响。尽管针对记忆表现进行了大量实证研究，但在其他认知领域中研究元认知监控的却很少。本研究对45名健康学生进行调查，探究已知会影响记忆表现监控的因素，即任务难度、评估时间和练习，是否也会对注意力表现监控产生显著影响。针对两个因变量（对注意力任务中（a）时间和（b）错误的监控），进行了一项包含三个被试内重复测量因素的多变量方差分析。结果表明，监控能力随任务难度增加而显著下降，评估后显著优于评估前，且随练习显著提高。因此，结果表明所研究的因素对注意力表现监控的影响等同于在元记忆研究中发现的这些因素的影响。
