Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
Insect Sci. 2013 Jun;20(3):273-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2012.01584.x. Epub 2012 Dec 19.
Defense priming is defined as increased readiness of defense induction. A growing body of literature indicates that plants (or intact parts of a plant) are primed in anticipation of impending environmental stresses, both biotic and abiotic, and upon the following stimulus, induce defenses more quickly and strongly. For instance, some plants previously exposed to herbivore-inducible plant volatiles (HIPVs) from neighboring plants under herbivore attack show faster or stronger defense activation and enhanced insect resistance when challenged with secondary insect feeding. Research on priming of antiherbivore defense has been limited to the HIPV-mediated mechanism until recently, but significant advances were made in the past three years, including non-HIPV-mediated defense priming, epigenetic modifications as the molecular mechanism of priming, and others. It is timely to consider the advances in research on defense priming in the plant-insect interactions.
防御启动被定义为防御诱导的增强准备状态。越来越多的文献表明，植物（或植物的完整部分）在预期生物和非生物胁迫时会被启动，并且在受到以下刺激时，会更快、更强地诱导防御。例如，一些先前暴露于食草动物诱导的植物挥发物（HIPVs）的植物，当受到二次食草动物取食的挑战时，来自受食草动物攻击的邻近植物的 HIPVs，会更快或更强地激活防御并增强对昆虫的抗性。直到最近，抗草食动物防御的启动研究还仅限于 HIPV 介导的机制，但在过去三年中取得了重大进展，包括非 HIPV 介导的防御启动、作为启动分子机制的表观遗传修饰等。现在是时候考虑植物-昆虫相互作用中防御启动研究的进展了。
