Kushman Mary E, Kraft Andrew D, Guyton Kathryn Z, Chiu Weihsueh A, Makris Susan L, Rusyn Ivan
Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2013 Nov;67(2):266-77. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.08.005. Epub 2013 Aug 16.
Clear documentation of literature search and presentation methodologies can improve transparency in chemical hazard assessments. We sought to improve clarity for the scientific support for cancer mechanisms of action using a systematic approach to literature retrieval, selection, and presentation of studies. The general question was "What are the mechanisms by which a chemical may cause carcinogenicity in the target tissue?". Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate was used as a case study chemical with a complex database of >3000 publications. Relevant mechanistic events were identified from published reviews. The PubMed search strategy included relevant synonyms and wildcards for DEHP and its metabolites, mechanistic events, and species of interest. Tiered exclusion/inclusion criteria for study pertinence were defined, and applied to the retrieved literature. Manual curation was conducted for mechanistic events with large literature databases. Literature trees documented identification and selection of the literature evidence. The selected studies were summarized in evidence tables accompanied by succinct narratives. Primary publications were deposited into the Health and Environmental Research Online (http://hero.epa.gov/) database and identified by pertinence criteria and key terms to permit organized retrieval. This approach contributes to human health assessment by effectively managing a large volume of literature, improving transparency, and facilitating subsequent synthesis of information across studies.
清晰记录文献检索和呈现方法可以提高化学危害评估的透明度。我们试图通过一种系统的文献检索、筛选和研究呈现方法，来提高对癌症作用机制科学支持的清晰度。总体问题是“化学物质在靶组织中致癌的机制是什么？”邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯被用作案例研究化学物质，其相关出版物数据库超过3000篇。从已发表的综述中识别出相关的作用机制事件。PubMed检索策略包括邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯及其代谢物、作用机制事件和相关物种的相关同义词和通配符。定义了研究相关性的分层排除/纳入标准，并应用于检索到的文献。对文献数据库庞大的作用机制事件进行人工整理。文献树记录了文献证据的识别和选择。所选研究在证据表中进行了总结，并附有简洁的叙述。原始出版物存入了健康与环境在线研究数据库（http://hero.epa.gov/），并根据相关性标准和关键词进行识别，以便进行有组织的检索。这种方法通过有效管理大量文献、提高透明度以及促进后续跨研究信息的综合，有助于人类健康评估。
