De Boer S F, Koopmans S J, Slangen J L, Van der Gugten J
Department of Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Physiol Behav. 1990 Jun;47(6):1117-24. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(90)90361-7.
Plasma noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (A), corticosterone (CS) and glucose concentrations were determined in blood frequently sampled via a cardiac catheter from freely behaving rats exposed to five successive trials of water-immersion stress (WIS) with an interval between successive trials (interstressor interval; ISI) of either 24 hr or 72 hr. The first, acute exposure to WIS was accompanied by increased levels of plasma NA, A, CS and glucose which were substantially higher than those associated with handling or placement into a new cage. The magnitudes of the WIS-induced plasma NA, A, CS and glucose responses gradually declined across trials. However, five WIS exposures at a 24-hr ISI resulted in a faster and greater decrement of the plasma A, CS and glucose responses than five exposures at a 72-hr ISI. The data indicate that frequency of stressor presentation (i.e., length of interstressor interval) affects the adaptation pattern of neuroendocrine and metabolic responses to chronic intermittent stress. This finding supports the hypothesis that neuroendocrine adaptation to stress is (at least partly) similar to the process of behavioral or neurophysiological habituation to a sensory stimulus.
通过心脏导管对自由活动的大鼠频繁采血，测定血浆去甲肾上腺素（NA）、肾上腺素（A）、皮质酮（CS）和葡萄糖浓度。这些大鼠连续接受五次水浸应激（WIS）试验，连续试验之间的间隔（应激源间隔时间；ISI）为24小时或72小时。首次急性暴露于WIS时，血浆NA、A、CS和葡萄糖水平升高，显著高于与处理或放入新笼子相关的水平。WIS诱导的血浆NA、A、CS和葡萄糖反应的幅度在各试验中逐渐下降。然而，与间隔72小时进行五次暴露相比，间隔24小时进行五次WIS暴露导致血浆A、CS和葡萄糖反应下降得更快、幅度更大。数据表明，应激源呈现的频率（即应激源间隔时间的长短）会影响神经内分泌和代谢反应对慢性间歇性应激的适应模式。这一发现支持了以下假设：神经内分泌对应激的适应（至少部分）类似于行为或神经生理对感觉刺激的习惯化过程。
