University of Iowa College of Medicine.
J Cogn Neurosci. 1995 Fall;7(4):425-32. doi: 10.1162/jocn.1995.7.4.425.
Some patients with face agnosia (prosopagnosia) caused by occipitotemporal damage produce discriminatory covert responses to the familiar faces that they fail to identify overtly. For example, their average skin conductance responses (SCRs) to familiar faces are significantly larger than average SCRs to unfamiliar faces. In this study we describe the opposite dissociation in four patients with bilateral ventromedial frontal damage: The patients recognized the identity of familiar faces normally, yet failed to generate discriminatory SCRs to those same familiar faces. Taken together, the two sets of results constitute a double dissociation: bilateral occipitotemporal damage impairs recognition but allows SCR discrimination, whereas bilateral ventromedial damage causes the opposite. The findings suggest that the neural systems that process the somatic-based valence of stimuli are separate from and parallel to the neural systems that process the factual, nonsomatic information associated with the same stimuli.
一些由于枕颞部损伤导致面盲（面容失认症）的患者会对他们无法明确识别的熟悉面孔做出有区别的隐蔽反应。例如，他们对熟悉面孔的平均皮肤电反应（SCR）明显大于对不熟悉面孔的平均 SCR。在这项研究中，我们描述了 4 名双侧腹内侧前额叶损伤患者的相反分离现象：患者能够正常识别熟悉面孔的身份，但无法对这些相同的熟悉面孔产生有区别的 SCR。总的来说，这两组结果构成了双重分离：双侧枕颞部损伤会损害识别能力，但允许 SCR 进行区分，而双侧腹内侧损伤则会导致相反的结果。研究结果表明，处理刺激的基于躯体的效价的神经系统与处理与相同刺激相关的事实性、非躯体信息的神经系统是分开的，并且是平行的。
