Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, The University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Skaggs Building Room 284, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA.
Semin Immunopathol. 2013 Nov;35(6):693-704. doi: 10.1007/s00281-013-0391-7. Epub 2013 Aug 21.
Millions of individuals worldwide are afflicted with acute and chronic respiratory diseases, causing temporary and permanent disabilities and even death. Oftentimes, these diseases occur as a result of altered immune responses. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, acts as a regulator of mucosal barrier function and may influence immune responsiveness in the lungs through changes in gene expression, cell-cell adhesion, mucin production, and cytokine expression. This review updates the basic immunobiology of the AhR signaling pathway with regards to inflammatory lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and silicosis following data in rodent models and humans. Finally, we address the therapeutic potential of targeting the AhR in regulating inflammation during acute and chronic respiratory diseases.
全球数以百万计的人患有急性和慢性呼吸道疾病,导致暂时和永久性残疾,甚至死亡。这些疾病往往是由于免疫反应改变引起的。芳香烃受体(Aryl hydrocarbon receptor,AhR)是一种配体激活的转录因子,作为黏膜屏障功能的调节剂,可通过改变基因表达、细胞间黏附、粘蛋白产生和细胞因子表达来影响肺部的免疫反应性。本综述更新了 AhR 信号通路的基本免疫生物学,涉及哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病和矽肺等炎症性肺部疾病,其依据是啮齿动物模型和人类的数据。最后,我们讨论了靶向 AhR 调节急性和慢性呼吸道疾病中炎症的治疗潜力。