Braz J Phys Ther. 2013 May-Jun;17(3):297-306. doi: 10.1590/s1413-35552012005000094.
The relationship between aging and increased life expectancy in the overall population likely contributes to a higher frequency rate and incidence of illnesses and functional disabilities. Physical dependence and cognitive impairment might hinder the performance of activities and result in an overload of care duties for the patient's family and the healthcare system.
The aim of this study was to compare the functional and cognitive changes exhibited by the elderly over a 6-month period.
This longitudinal and observational study was conducted in a sample of 167 elderly people, who were selected from the database of the Network of Studies on Frailty in Brazilian Elderly, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG. The participants submitted to the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Katz Index, Lawton and Brody's scale and responded to items on Advanced Activities of Daily Living (AADLs). We analyzed the data using multivariate regression models.
The participants' functional capacity exhibited reduced performance of specific instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), p=0.002, and basic activities of daily living (BADLs), p=0.038. Living alone (odds ratio (OR), 2.53; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-5.87) and work status (OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.18-5.41) were associated with changes in the IADLs. The scores in the AADL scale (p=0.163) and MMSE (p=0.059) did not exhibit any significant difference during the study period. The participants with better cognitive function were more independent in their performance of AADLs and IADLs.
The results depict specific patterns of loss and stability of functional capacity in community-dwelling elderly.
总人口中老龄化和预期寿命的延长可能导致疾病和功能障碍的频率和发生率更高。身体依赖和认知障碍可能会妨碍活动的执行，并导致患者家庭和医疗保健系统的护理负担过重。
本研究旨在比较老年人在 6 个月内表现出的功能和认知变化。
这是一项纵向观察性研究，在米纳斯吉拉斯联邦大学巴西老年人衰弱网络数据库中选取了 167 名老年人作为样本。参与者接受了简易精神状态检查（MMSE）、Katz 指数、Lawton 和 Brody 量表以及高级日常生活活动（AADLs）项目的评估。我们使用多变量回归模型分析数据。
参与者的功能能力表现出特定的日常生活活动工具性（IADLs）和基本日常生活活动（BADLs）能力下降（p=0.002 和 p=0.038）。独居（比值比（OR），2.53；95%置信区间（CI），1.09-5.87）和工作状态（OR，2.52；95% CI，1.18-5.41）与 IADLs 的变化相关。AADL 量表评分（p=0.163）和 MMSE 评分（p=0.059）在研究期间无显著差异。认知功能较好的参与者在 AADLs 和 IADLs 的执行中更加独立。
研究结果描绘了社区居住老年人功能能力丧失和稳定的特定模式。
