Division of Virology, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Sci Transl Med. 2013 Aug 21;5(199):199ra113. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3006608.
Ebola virus (EBOV) remains one of the most lethal transmissible infections and is responsible for high fatality rates and substantial morbidity during sporadic outbreaks. With increasing human incursions into endemic regions and the reported possibility of airborne transmission, EBOV is a high-priority public health threat for which no preventive or therapeutic options are currently available. Recent studies have demonstrated that cocktails of monoclonal antibodies are effective at preventing morbidity and mortality in nonhuman primates (NHPs) when administered as a post-exposure prophylactic within 1 or 2 days of challenge. To test whether one of these cocktails (MB-003) demonstrates efficacy as a therapeutic (after the onset of symptoms), we challenged NHPs with EBOV and initiated treatment upon confirmation of infection according to a diagnostic protocol for U.S. Food and Drug Administration Emergency Use Authorization and observation of a documented fever. Of the treated animals, 43% survived challenge, whereas both the controls and all historical controls with the same challenge stock succumbed to infection. These results represent successful therapy of EBOV infection in NHPs.
埃博拉病毒（EBOV）仍然是最致命的传染性病毒之一，在散发疫情中可导致高死亡率和大量发病率。随着人类不断侵入流行地区，以及有报告称可能存在空气传播，埃博拉病毒对公共卫生构成了高度优先威胁，目前尚无预防或治疗方法。最近的研究表明，当在挑战后 1 或 2 天内作为暴露后预防性给予时，单克隆抗体鸡尾酒可有效预防非人类灵长类动物（NHP）的发病和死亡。为了测试其中一种鸡尾酒（MB-003）是否具有治疗效果（在症状出现后），我们用 EBOV 对 NHP 进行了挑战，并根据美国食品和药物管理局紧急使用授权的诊断方案以及记录发热的观察结果，在确认感染后开始治疗。在接受治疗的动物中，有 43%的动物幸存下来，而对照组和使用相同病毒株的所有历史对照组动物均因感染而死亡。这些结果代表了在 NHP 中成功治疗 EBOV 感染。
