Ghosh Aparajita, Panda Saumya
Outpatient Department of Dermatology, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India.
Int J Dermatol. 2014 Apr;53(4):462-5. doi: 10.1111/ijd.12277. Epub 2013 Aug 22.
Our objective was to study current trends in the occurrence of new cases of leprosy (Hansen's disease [HD]) a decade after significant operational changes in the National Leprosy Elimination Program (NLEP) were enacted by shortening the duration of multi-drug treatment for multibacillary cases of HD to 12 months and stopping post-treatment follow-up.
The percentages represented by newly diagnosed cases of HD among all new patients attending the dermatology outpatient department (OPD) from April 2008 to March 2011 were calculated from hospital records. Patient age and sex, and type of disease were noted in each case, and annual data were compared. The OPD data were also matched with population data for the catchment area of the hospital (i.e. the South 24-Parganas district).
There was a slight annual decline in the percentage of new cases represented by HD, but this was not statistically significant. This trend broadly corroborated changes in the annual new case detection rate in the catchment area of the hospital. In addition, the percentage of HD cases represented by paucibacillary disease was significantly higher than that represented by multibacillary HD (P=0.0072).
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of this type to be conducted in eastern India. The present data indicate that significant transmission of HD is ongoing in the community.
我们的目的是研究在国家麻风病消除计划（NLEP）进行重大运作调整十年后麻风病（汉森病[HD]）新发病例的当前趋势。该调整包括将多菌型HD病例的多药治疗疗程缩短至12个月，并停止治疗后随访。
根据医院记录计算2008年4月至2011年3月期间在皮肤科门诊就诊的所有新患者中HD新诊断病例所占的百分比。记录每个病例的患者年龄、性别和疾病类型，并对年度数据进行比较。门诊数据还与医院服务区域（即南24帕加纳斯区）的人口数据进行匹配。
HD新病例所占百分比略有逐年下降，但无统计学意义。这一趋势与医院服务区域年度新病例检出率的变化大致相符。此外，少菌型疾病的HD病例所占百分比显著高于多菌型HD（P = 0.0072）。
据我们所知，这是在印度东部进行的此类首次研究。目前的数据表明，HD在社区中仍在大量传播。
