Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro.
J Cogn Neurosci. 1989 Summer;1(3):223-37. doi: 10.1162/jocn.1989.1.3.223.
Neural processes associated with two aspects of visual-spatial attention were investigated with event-related potential (ERPs): those that direct spatial attention to a given point in space and those that modulate the processing of sensory input after attention has been directed. The subjects were 6- to 9-year-old children (51 boys and 35 girls). An arrow cue directed attention from the central to peripheral visual field; targets were then flashed in the attended or ignored visual field 600 msec after the cue. The directing of attention to the left vs. right visual field was associated with hemispheric differences in slow potentials prior to the presentation of the targets. The earliest potential, which started about 200 msec after the cue and was negative over the hemisphere contralateral to the direction of attention, was greatest over the parietal area and appeared to reflect processes directing attention per se. The last potential, which peaked 60 msec after the target and was positive over the hemisphere contralateral to the direction of attention, was greatest over the occipital-parietal region. It appeared to reflect the modulation of cortical excitability in the regions receiving input from the relevant and irrelevant visual fields. The effects of spatial attention on P1, N1, and P3 ERP components following the targets replicated previous results. Boys appeared more aroused (as indicated by CNVs) and reflected faster and greater selective processing (as indicated by reaction time, and N1-P1 latency and amplitude) than girls.
研究了与视觉空间注意的两个方面相关的神经过程，使用事件相关电位（ERPs）：那些将空间注意引导到给定空间点的过程，以及那些在注意引导后调节感觉输入处理的过程。研究对象为 6 至 9 岁的儿童（51 名男孩和 35 名女孩）。箭头提示将注意力从中央视觉场引导到外周视觉场；然后在提示后 600 毫秒在注视或忽略的视觉场中闪现目标。将注意力引导到左视觉场与右视觉场与目标呈现之前半球慢电位的半球差异有关。最早的电位始于提示后约 200 毫秒，在与注意方向相对侧的半球上为负，最大出现在顶叶区域，似乎反映了本身引导注意力的过程。最后一个电位在目标后 60 毫秒达到峰值，在与注意方向相对的半球上为正，最大出现在枕叶-顶叶区域。它似乎反映了从相关和不相关视觉场接收输入的区域中皮层兴奋性的调制。目标后空间注意对 P1、N1 和 P3 ERP 成分的影响复制了先前的结果。男孩比女孩表现出更高的唤醒（如 CNV 所示），并且表现出更快和更大的选择性处理（如反应时间、N1-P1 潜伏期和幅度所示）。
