Origine Structure et Evolution de la Biodiversité, CNRS UMR 7205, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP50, 45, rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France.
Laboratoire de Génétique et évolution des populations végétales, CNRS UMR 8198, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille 1, Bâtiment SN2, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
J Theor Biol. 2013 Nov 21;337:101-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2013.08.006. Epub 2013 Aug 21.
Dominance controls the phenotype of heterozygous individuals, and plays an important role in the maintenance of polymorphism. Here we focus on the dominance acting on warning-pattern polymorphism in species engaged in Müllerian mimicry. Müllerian mimics are toxic species which display bright colour patterns used as a warning signal to predators and are subject to local positive density-dependent selection. Some Müllerian mimics are polymorphic due to a selection/migration balance in spatially heterogeneous communities of prey. Since heterozygotes at a locus controlling warning pattern might exhibit intermediate, non-mimetic heterozygous morphs, dominance is likely to influence the polymorphism at this locus. Using a deterministic model describing migration, density-dependent predation and reproduction, we investigated the influence of dominance on the dynamics of alleles at locus determining mimetic phenotype. Our results suggest dominance may interact with migration and selection and plays an important role in shaping the conditions of polymorphism persistence and the frequency of alleles at this locus. Our results thus highlight the important role of dominance in the dynamics of polymorphism at loci under balancing selection due to environmental heterogeneity.
显性控制杂合个体的表型，在多态性的维持中起着重要作用。在这里，我们关注的是在进行缪勒拟态的物种中，警告模式多态性的显性作用。缪勒拟态是有毒物种，它们表现出鲜艳的颜色图案，用作对捕食者的警告信号，并受到局部正密度依赖选择的影响。由于在猎物空间异质群落中存在选择/迁移平衡，一些缪勒拟态是多态的。由于控制警告模式的基因座上的杂合子可能表现出中间的、非拟态的杂合子形态，因此显性可能会影响该基因座的多态性。我们使用一个描述迁移、密度依赖捕食和繁殖的确定性模型，研究了显性对决定模拟表型的基因座上等位基因动态的影响。我们的结果表明，显性可能与迁移和选择相互作用，并在塑造多态性维持条件和该基因座上等位基因频率方面发挥重要作用。因此，我们的研究结果突出了显性在由于环境异质性而受到平衡选择影响的基因座多态性动态中的重要作用。
