Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2013 Oct 15;261:398-404. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.07.057. Epub 2013 Aug 3.
A benign and effective process for cuprous chloride synthesis and simultaneously recovery of Ag and Pd from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) was developed in the present study. The main merit of the process is that neither corrosive acid nor strong oxidant was used. The PCBs were firstly pretreated by thermal shock process to obtain metallic particles (MPs), then cuprous chloride was synthesized by reacting MPs with cupric sulfate in the presence of sodium chloride. The optimum [Formula: see text] (mL/g) ratio, [Cu]/[Cu(2+)] mole ratio, treatment time and operation temperature were 6, 0.95, 30 min and 60°C, respectively. Approximately 98.5% of Cu could be recovered from the PCBs through two synthesis circles. During the synthesis process, Ag and Pd could be simultaneously recovered by forming a stable chloride complex since Cu(2+) played the role of oxidant in the system. The recovery percentages of Ag and Pd were 93.9% and 95.3%, respectively. Accordingly, it is believed that the process developed in the current study is benign and practical for copper and precious metal (Ag, Pd) recovery from waste PCBs.
本研究开发了一种从废印刷电路板（PCBs）中同时合成氯化亚铜并回收银和钯的良性且有效的方法。该工艺的主要优点是既不使用腐蚀性酸也不使用强氧化剂。首先通过热冲击工艺对 PCB 进行预处理，以获得金属颗粒（MPs），然后在氯化钠存在下， MPs 与硫酸铜反应合成氯化亚铜。最佳的[公式：见文本]（mL/g）比、[Cu]/[Cu(2+)]摩尔比、处理时间和操作温度分别为 6、0.95、30 分钟和 60°C。通过两个合成循环，大约 98.5%的铜可以从 PCB 中回收。在合成过程中，由于 Cu(2+)在体系中起氧化剂的作用，Ag 和 Pd 可以通过形成稳定的氯化物络合物同时回收。Ag 和 Pd 的回收率分别为 93.9%和 95.3%。因此，相信本研究开发的工艺对于从废 PCB 中回收铜和贵金属（Ag、Pd）是良性且实用的。
