Department of Internal Medicine, University of Hawaii, 1356 Lusitana St. 7th Floor, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA,
Curr Hematol Malig Rep. 2013 Dec;8(4):253-60. doi: 10.1007/s11899-013-0173-2.
Widespread use of the novel agents bortezomib and lenalidomide has improved outcomes in multiple myeloma (MM). Despite remarkable progress, patients will eventually relapse after exhausting treatment with these drugs. Management of myeloma that is refractory to both bortezomib and lenalidomide (double-refractory MM, DRMM) is complicated due to disease, patient, and treatment-related factors and new therapies for these patients are required. A review of the unique challenges of treating DRMM, recently FDA-approved therapeutic agents, and selected novel drugs under active clinical investigation, is presented below.
新型药物硼替佐米和来那度胺的广泛应用改善了多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者的预后。尽管取得了显著进展，但患者在这些药物用尽治疗后最终仍会复发。由于疾病、患者和治疗相关因素的影响，对于硼替佐米和来那度胺均耐药的骨髓瘤（双重难治性 MM，DRMM）的管理变得复杂，需要为这些患者提供新的治疗方法。下文综述了治疗 DRMM 的独特挑战、最近 FDA 批准的治疗药物以及正在积极临床研究的选定新型药物。
