Oncology (Williston Park). 2013 Jul;27(7):680-91.
Immunotherapy with interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been the mainstay of systemic therapy for advanced kidney cancer and melanoma. Although IL-2 treatment is limited to healthy patients, a select group of these patients have derived substantial, durable benefit from it-in some translating into cures with no ongoing therapy or chronic toxicity. Over the past 10 years, insights into the biology of renal cell carcinoma and into key signaling mechanisms in melanoma, and growth in our understanding of immune checkpoints, have led to the development and approval of targeted and immune-modulatory therapeutic options with clinically relevant benefit. Our improved understanding of the relationship between the host environment, immune system, and malignancy has helped identify compounds and therapies that are changing the way we think about cancer and our approach to cancer therapeutics. While the newer options may be applicable to most patients, durable responses measured in years are rare. In this review, we examine the currently approved options available for these disease processes, including the newer agents and selected combinatorial approaches under investigation, and we attempt to identify the role of high-dose IL-2 in the context of current clinical practice.
免疫疗法用白细胞介素-2（IL-2）一直是治疗晚期肾细胞癌和黑色素瘤的系统治疗的主要方法。虽然 IL-2 治疗仅限于健康患者，但其中一小部分患者从中获得了实质性、持久的益处——在某些情况下，甚至实现了无持续治疗或慢性毒性的治愈。在过去的 10 年中，对肾细胞癌的生物学和黑色素瘤中关键信号机制的深入了解，以及对免疫检查点的理解的增长，导致了靶向和免疫调节治疗选择的发展和批准，这些选择具有临床相关的益处。我们对宿主环境、免疫系统和恶性肿瘤之间关系的理解的提高，有助于确定改变我们对癌症的看法和癌症治疗方法的化合物和疗法。虽然更新的选择可能适用于大多数患者，但很少有能持续数年的持久反应。在这篇综述中，我们检查了这些疾病过程中目前可用的治疗选择，包括正在研究的更新的药物和选定的联合治疗方法，并试图确定高剂量 IL-2 在当前临床实践中的作用。
