Kwakowsky Andrea, Cheong Rachel Y, Herbison Allan E, Ábrahám István M
Centre for Neuroendocrinology, Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
Centre for Neuroendocrinology, Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
Front Neuroendocrinol. 2014 Jan;35(1):31-41. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.08.002. Epub 2013 Aug 23.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is produced by a heterogenous neuronal population in the hypothalamus to control pituitary gonadotropin production and reproductive function in all mammalian species. Estradiol is a critical component for the communication between the gonads and the central nervous system. Resolving the mechanisms by which estradiol modulates GnRH neurons is critical for the understanding of how fertility is regulated. Extensive studies during the past decades have provided compelling evidence that estradiol has the potential to alter the intracellular signal transduction mechanisms. The common target of many signaling pathways is the phosphorylation of a key transcription factor, the cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). This review first addresses the aspects of estradiol action on CREB phosphorylation (pCREB) in GnRH neurons. Secondly, this review considers the receptors and signaling network that regulates estradiol's action on pCREB within GnRH neurons and finally it summarizes the physiological significance of CREB to estrogen feedback.
促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）由下丘脑的异质性神经元群体产生，以控制所有哺乳动物物种垂体促性腺激素的产生和生殖功能。雌二醇是性腺与中枢神经系统之间通讯的关键组成部分。解析雌二醇调节GnRH神经元的机制对于理解生育能力如何被调控至关重要。在过去几十年中进行的大量研究提供了令人信服的证据，表明雌二醇有可能改变细胞内信号转导机制。许多信号通路的共同靶点是关键转录因子——环磷酸腺苷反应元件结合蛋白（CREB）的磷酸化。本综述首先探讨雌二醇对GnRH神经元中CREB磷酸化（pCREB）作用的相关方面。其次，本综述考虑调节雌二醇对GnRH神经元内pCREB作用的受体和信号网络，最后总结CREB对雌激素反馈的生理意义。
