Andersen Stine Linding, Laurberg Peter, Wu Chun Sen, Olsen Jørn
Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Søndre Skovvej 15, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
J Pregnancy. 2013;2013:636705. doi: 10.1155/2013/636705. Epub 2013 Jul 28.
Thyroid hormones are essential for brain development, and maternal thyroid disease may affect child neurocognitive development. Some types of seizures may also depend upon early exposure of the developing central nervous system, and we hypothesized that maternal thyroid dysfunction could increase the risk of seizure in the child. In a Danish population-based study we included 1,699,693 liveborn singletons, and from the Danish National Hospital Register we obtained information on maternal diagnosis of hyper- or hypothyroidism and neonatal seizure, febrile seizure, and epilepsy in the child. Maternal diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction before or after birth of the child was registered in two percent of the singleton births. In adjusted analyses, maternal hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism first time diagnosed after birth of the child were associated with a significant increased risk of epilepsy in the child. Moreover, hypothyroidism diagnosed after birth of the child was associated with a significant increased risk of neonatal and febrile seizures. No significant association was seen for maternal diagnosis prior to birth of the child. We speculate if some degree of maternal thyroid dysfunction was already present during the pregnancy in mothers diagnosed after birth of the child and if this untreated condition may present a neurodevelopmental risk.
甲状腺激素对大脑发育至关重要，母体甲状腺疾病可能会影响儿童的神经认知发育。某些类型的癫痫发作也可能取决于发育中的中枢神经系统的早期暴露情况，我们推测母体甲状腺功能障碍可能会增加儿童癫痫发作的风险。在一项基于丹麦人群的研究中，我们纳入了1,699,693名单胎活产儿，并从丹麦国家医院登记处获取了有关母体甲状腺功能亢进或减退诊断以及儿童新生儿癫痫、热性惊厥和癫痫的信息。在2%的单胎分娩中记录了孩子出生前后母体甲状腺功能障碍的诊断情况。在调整分析中，孩子出生后首次诊断出的母体甲状腺功能亢进和减退与孩子患癫痫的风险显著增加有关。此外，孩子出生后诊断出的甲状腺功能减退与新生儿和热性惊厥的风险显著增加有关。在孩子出生前母体的诊断中未发现显著关联。我们推测，在孩子出生后被诊断出的母亲中，孕期是否已经存在某种程度的母体甲状腺功能障碍，以及这种未治疗的情况是否可能带来神经发育风险。
