Mejer Anna, Irzmański Robert, Pawlicki Lucjan, Kowalski Jan
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi, III Katedra Rehabilitacji z Klinika Chorób Wewnetrznych i Rehabilitacji Kardiologicznej.
Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2013 Jul;35(205):39-42.
Results of a lot of research indicate that preventive activities consisting in the fighting of risk factors have the greatest influence on the reduction of the incidence of ischaemic heart disease. THE AIM OF THE STUDY was to assess the lifestyle in patients after recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) qualified for cardiac rehabilitation and in healthy subjects (with no diagnosis of coronary thrombosis).
The research included 86 patients, 64 men and 22 women aged 42-78 (mean age 61.7 +/- 9.6 years) after recent ACS, treated with PCI (percutaneous coronary interventions), and qualified for cardiac rehabilitation (stage II)--group I. The control group included 88 people, 54 men and 34 women aged 34-75 (mean age 56.2 +/- 9.7 years), who were clinically healthy--group II. The assessment of a lifestyle was performed based on the presence of four positive behaviours, i.e. eating appropriate amount of vegetables and (or) fruit every day, refraining from smoking, satisfactory levels of physical activity, and correct body mass. Based on these factors, a lifestyle index was calculated, from 0 (no positive health behaviours) to 4 (all positive health behaviours present), the so-called healthy lifestyle index.
Among the examined elements of lifestyle index in ill and healthy subjects, satisfactory physical activity was the rarest (in 16.67% of men and in 9.09% women after ACS and in 16.22% of healthy men and 11.63% healthy women). Healthy lifestyle index was determined in 4.88% of patients after ACS. It was not found in healthy subjects.
The analysis of the lifestyle index shows that a change of one's lifestyle is necessary as an initial and secondary prevention.
大量研究结果表明，针对风险因素开展的预防活动对降低缺血性心脏病发病率的影响最大。本研究的目的是评估近期发生急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）且符合心脏康复条件的患者以及健康受试者（未诊断出冠状动脉血栓形成）的生活方式。
该研究纳入了86例近期发生ACS的患者，其中64例男性和22例女性，年龄在42 - 78岁（平均年龄61.7±9.6岁），接受了经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）且符合心脏康复（II期）条件——I组。对照组包括88人，其中54例男性和34例女性，年龄在34 - 75岁（平均年龄56.2±9.7岁），临床健康——II组。基于四种积极行为的存在情况对生活方式进行评估，即每天食用适量蔬菜和（或）水果、戒烟、有足够的体育活动水平以及正确的体重。基于这些因素，计算出生活方式指数，范围从0（无积极健康行为）到4（具备所有积极健康行为），即所谓的健康生活方式指数。
在患病和健康受试者生活方式指数的各项检查要素中，足够的体育活动最为少见（ACS后男性中占16.67%，女性中占9.09%；健康男性中占16.22%，健康女性中占11.63%）。ACS后患者中4.88%具有健康生活方式指数。健康受试者中未发现。
生活方式指数分析表明，改变生活方式作为一级和二级预防是必要的。
