Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Behav Brain Sci. 2013 Oct;36(5):497-8; discussion 503-21. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X13000198. Epub 2013 Aug 29.
Hot and cold climates have posed differential threats to human survival throughout history. Cold temperatures can pose direct threats to survival in themselves, whereas hot temperatures may pose threats indirectly through higher prevalence of infectious disease. These differential threats yield convergent predictions for the relationship between more demanding climates and freedom of expression, but divergent predictions for freedom from discrimination.
历史上,炎热和寒冷的气候对人类的生存构成了不同的威胁。寒冷的温度本身可能直接威胁到生存,而炎热的温度可能通过更高的传染病发病率间接构成威胁。这些不同的威胁对更具挑战性的气候与表达自由之间的关系产生了趋同的预测,但对免受歧视的自由则产生了趋异的预测。