Fang Shi-hua, Yan Hong, Dang Shao-nong, Li Qiang, Zhao Ya-ling, Yang Rui-hai, Ren Yong
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China.
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 2013 Aug;35(4):422-6. doi: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.2013.04.012.
To analyze the associations between menopause and hypertension/isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) among rural females in Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province, China.
In this cross-sectional study, 3030 residents were selected by stratified random sampling and investigated by questionnaire survey and physical examinations. Data of the females were analyzed to explore the impact of menopause on blood pressure by quantile regression and to investigate the associations between menopause and hypertension, ISH, and isolated distolic hypertension (IDH) by logistic regression.
The number of premenopausal and postmenopausal women was 965 and 998. The average age was (41.0 ± 8.07) years in the premenopausal group and (58.0±7.12) years in the postmenopausal group (P<0.001). The prevalence of hypertension among the premenopausal group and postmenopausal group was 21.9% and 49.3%, respectively. Quantiles regression analysis showed that the impact of menopause on systolic blood pressure increased as the percentile increased. The diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the premenopausal group was significantly lower than that in the postmenopausal at q ≥ 0.40(DBP = 84 mmHg,1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) percentile points (P<0.05), while the difference was not significant at q≤ 0.30 (DBP=80 mmHg) percentile points(P>0.05). After the potential confounders including age, education level, marriage, occupational, hyperlipidemia, family history, exercise, sleep, watching TV, smoking, passive smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, wealth index, waist circumference were controlled, positive associations were observed between menopause and hypertension/ISH in logistic regression models.
Menopause is positively related with hypertension/ISH. More effective interventions should be taken to prevent hypertension and ISH among rural women.
分析中国陕西省汉中市农村女性绝经与高血压/单纯收缩期高血压（ISH）之间的关联。
在这项横断面研究中，通过分层随机抽样选取3030名居民，并通过问卷调查和体格检查进行调查。对女性数据进行分析，通过分位数回归探讨绝经对血压的影响，并通过逻辑回归研究绝经与高血压、ISH和单纯舒张期高血压（IDH）之间的关联。
绝经前和绝经后女性人数分别为965名和998名。绝经前组平均年龄为（41.0±8.07）岁，绝经后组为（58.0±7.12）岁（P<0.001）。绝经前组和绝经后组高血压患病率分别为21.9%和49.3%。分位数回归分析表明，绝经对收缩压的影响随百分位数增加而增大。在q≥0.40（舒张压=84 mmHg，1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa）百分位点时，绝经前组的舒张压显著低于绝经后组（P<0.05），而在q≤0.30（舒张压=80 mmHg）百分位点时差异不显著（P>0.05）。在控制了包括年龄、教育水平、婚姻状况、职业、高脂血症、家族史、运动、睡眠、看电视、吸烟、被动吸烟、饮酒、体重指数、财富指数、腰围等潜在混杂因素后，逻辑回归模型显示绝经与高血压/ISH之间存在正相关。
绝经与高血压/ISH呈正相关。应采取更有效的干预措施预防农村女性高血压和ISH。
