Cox Brian, Sneyd Mary J
Hugh Adam Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Breast. 2013 Dec;22(6):1041-5. doi: 10.1016/j.breast.2013.07.046. Epub 2013 Aug 26.
Screening aims to detect breast cancer at an earlier stage than would occur if symptoms developed. The characteristics of breast cancer that are detectable at screening depend on both the physical properties of the screening test and specific anatomical features of breast cancer. As a result, breast cancer detected by screening is a select subset of all breast cancer existing in the population. Therefore, biomedical, clinical and epidemiological research into breast cancer using populations with access to screening can result in major bias. The biases, with examples, are explained.
筛查旨在比出现症状时更早地检测出乳腺癌。在筛查中可检测到的乳腺癌特征既取决于筛查测试的物理特性，也取决于乳腺癌的特定解剖特征。因此，通过筛查检测出的乳腺癌是人群中所有现存乳腺癌的一个特定子集。所以，对能够进行筛查的人群开展的乳腺癌生物医学、临床和流行病学研究可能会导致重大偏差。文中将对这些偏差及其示例进行解释。
