Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
PLoS One. 2013 Aug 19;8(8):e71387. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071387. eCollection 2013.
Studies have suggested controversial results regarding a possible association between pre-eclampsia (PE) and periodontal disease (PD) and no meta-analysis has been performed to clarify this issue.
A literature search of electronic databases was performed for articles published through March 24, 2013, followed by a manual search of several dental and medical journals. The meta-analysis was conducted according to the recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration and PRISMA. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Heterogeneity was assessed with the χ(2)-based Cochran Q test and I(2) statistic. The level of significance was set at P <0.05.
Fifteen studies were included, including three cohort and 12 case-control studies. A positive association was found between PE and PD (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.38-3.41, P = 0.0008). However, a high and significant heterogeneity was found (χ(2) = 62.42, P<0.00001, I(2) = 75%). In most cases, subgroup analysis had low power to detect significant differences between PE and non-PE groups.
Based on the findings of the meta-analysis, PD appears to be a possible risk factor for PE. However, given the important differences in the definitions and diagnoses of PD and PE among the studies, as well as their lack of good methodological quality, future trials are needed to confirm the results of the present meta-analysis.
有研究表明子痫前期（PE）与牙周病（PD）之间可能存在关联，但结果存在争议，目前尚无荟萃分析对此问题进行澄清。
检索电子数据库中截至 2013 年 3 月 24 日发表的文献，然后对若干牙科和医学期刊进行手工检索。荟萃分析按照 Cochrane 协作组织和 PRISMA 的建议进行。计算比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。采用基于 χ(2)的 Cochran Q 检验和 I(2)统计量评估异质性。显著性水平设定为 P<0.05。
纳入 15 项研究，包括 3 项队列研究和 12 项病例对照研究。PE 与 PD 之间存在正相关（OR 2.17，95%CI 1.38-3.41，P=0.0008）。但存在高度显著的异质性（χ(2)=62.42，P<0.00001，I(2)=75%）。大多数情况下，亚组分析发现 PE 组与非 PE 组之间的差异无统计学意义。
基于荟萃分析的结果，PD 似乎是 PE 的一个可能的危险因素。但是，鉴于研究中 PD 和 PE 的定义和诊断存在重要差异，且这些研究的方法学质量较差，需要进一步的试验来证实本荟萃分析的结果。
