Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2013 Sep;141(2):261-8. doi: 10.1007/s10549-013-2676-x. Epub 2013 Sep 1.
While not itself life-threatening, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) can progress to invasive disease if untreated, and confers an increased risk of future breast cancer. We investigated knowledge of DCIS among a cohort of English- and Spanish-speaking Latina and English-speaking non-Latina white women previously treated for DCIS. We examined knowledge of DCIS with four true/false statements about risk of invasive disease, breast cancer recurrence, and prognosis. For each knowledge statement, we modeled the odds of a correct answer by language-ethnicity (English-speaking Latinas, Spanish-speaking Latinas, and English-speaking whites) adjusting for demographics, health history, and treatment factors. Of 710 participants, 52 % were English-speaking whites, 21 % English-speaking Latinas, and 27 % Spanish-speaking Latinas. Less than half (41 %) of participants were aware that DCIS is not life-threatening and only 32 % knew that surgical treatment choice does not impact mortality; whereas two-thirds (67 %) understood that DCIS confers increased risk of future breast cancer, and almost all (92 %) knew that DCIS, if untreated, could become invasive. Only three Spanish-speakers used professional interpreters during discussions with their physicians. In adjusted analyses, compared to English-speaking whites, both English- and Spanish-speaking Latinas had significantly lower odds of knowing that DCIS was not life-threatening (OR, 95 % CI 0.6, 0.4-0.9 and 0.5, 0.3-0.9, respectively). In contrast, Spanish-speaking Latinas had a twofold higher odds of knowing that DCIS increases risk of future breast cancer (OR, 95 % CI 2.6, 1.6-4.4), but English-speaking Latinas were no different from English-speaking whites. Our data suggest that physicians are more successful at conveying the risks conferred by DCIS than the nuances of DCIS as a non-life-threatening diagnosis. This uneven communication is most marked for Spanish-speaking Latinas. In addition to the use of professional interpreters, efforts to create culturally and linguistically standardized information could improve knowledge and engagement in informed decision making for all DCIS patients.
原位导管癌(DCIS)本身虽不危及生命,但如果不治疗,可能会发展为浸润性疾病,并增加未来患乳腺癌的风险。我们调查了一组接受过 DCIS 治疗的讲英语和西班牙语的拉丁裔以及讲英语的非拉丁裔白人女性对 DCIS 的了解程度。我们用四个关于浸润性疾病风险、乳腺癌复发和预后的真假陈述来检验对 DCIS 的了解程度。对于每个知识陈述,我们根据语言-种族(讲英语的拉丁裔、讲西班牙语的拉丁裔和讲英语的白人)、人口统计学、健康史和治疗因素,建立正确答案的几率模型。在 710 名参与者中,52%是讲英语的白人,21%是讲英语的拉丁裔,27%是讲西班牙语的拉丁裔。不到一半(41%)的参与者知道 DCIS 不会危及生命,只有 32%的人知道手术治疗选择不会影响死亡率;然而,三分之二(67%)的人明白 DCIS 会增加未来患乳腺癌的风险,几乎所有人(92%)都知道,如果不治疗,DCIS 可能会变成浸润性的。只有 3 名西班牙语使用者在与医生讨论时使用了专业口译员。在调整后的分析中,与讲英语的白人相比,讲英语和西班牙语的拉丁裔患者知道 DCIS 不会危及生命的几率显著降低(OR,95%CI 0.6,0.4-0.9 和 0.5,0.3-0.9)。相比之下,讲西班牙语的拉丁裔患者知道 DCIS 增加未来乳腺癌风险的几率高出两倍(OR,95%CI 2.6,1.6-4.4),但与讲英语的白人相比,讲英语的拉丁裔患者并没有不同。我们的数据表明,医生在传达 DCIS 带来的风险方面比传达 DCIS 作为非危及生命的诊断的细微差别更为成功。这种沟通的不平衡在讲西班牙语的拉丁裔中最为明显。除了使用专业口译员外,还应努力制定文化和语言标准化信息,以提高所有 DCIS 患者的知识水平并使其参与知情决策。