Chistov S D, Soldatov S K, Zinkin V N, Poliakov N M
Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2013(4):35-9.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the hearing function in the airport technical personnel and estimate the effectiveness of multicomponent anti-noise hearing protectors used by the specialists engaged in the aircraft maintenance. The tonal threshold audiometry was carried out before and after a shiftwork. The extra-aural effect of noise was assessed from the characteristics of cardiac rhythm variability. The study included two groups of subjects: in one of them (n=8) they used ordinary flight headsets (control) in the other the protection was ensured with the help of multi-insert hearing protectors (n=16). The initial hearing thresholds were found to be increased up to 70 and 60 dB at the frequencies of 4 and 8 kHz respectively. The regression analysis revealed the relationship between these parameters and the duration of aerodrome work experience. Temporary threshold shifts were observed only in the control group. An increase in the tone of the sympathetic nervous system was observed in the control subjects but was absent in the study group. It is concluded that the multi-component hearing protectors employed in the present study are highly efficacious anti-noise devices. The mechanisms of noise-induced hearing loss are discussed.
本研究的目的是评估机场技术人员的听力功能，并估计从事飞机维修的专家所使用的多组件抗噪声听力保护器的有效性。在轮班工作前后进行了纯音阈值听力测定。根据心律变异性特征评估噪声的耳外效应。该研究包括两组受试者：其中一组（n = 8）使用普通飞行耳机（对照组），另一组（n = 16）借助多插入式听力保护器进行防护。发现在4kHz和8kHz频率处，初始听力阈值分别增加到70dB和60dB。回归分析揭示了这些参数与机场工作年限之间的关系。仅在对照组中观察到暂时性阈值偏移。在对照组受试者中观察到交感神经系统张力增加，但在研究组中未观察到。得出的结论是，本研究中使用的多组件听力保护器是高效的抗噪声装置。讨论了噪声性听力损失的机制。
