Kuhlman Kate R, Olson Sheryl L, Lopez-Duran Nestor L
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church St. Suite 2250, Ann Arbor, MI, 48103; International Max Planck Research School on the Life Course, http://www.imprs-life.mpg.de/en.
Dev Psychobiol. 2014 Jul;56(5):908-23. doi: 10.1002/dev.21166. Epub 2013 Sep 6.
In this study, we examined whether parenting and HPA-axis reactivity during middle childhood predicted increases in internalizing symptoms during the transition to adolescence, and whether HPA-axis reactivity mediated the impact of parenting on internalizing symptoms. The study included 65 children (35 boys) who were assessed at age 5, 7, and 11. Parenting behaviors were assessed via parent report at age 5 and 11. The child's HPA-axis reactivity was measured at age 7 via a stress task. Internalizing symptoms were measured via teacher reports at age 5 and 11. High maternal warmth at age 5 predicted lower internalizing symptoms at age 11. Also, high reported maternal warmth and induction predicted lower HPA-axis reactivity. Additionally, greater HPA-axis reactivity at age 7 was associated with greater increases in internalizing symptoms from age 5 to 11. Finally, the association between age 5 maternal warmth and age 11 internalizing symptoms was partially mediated by lower cortisol in response to the stress task. Thus, parenting behaviors in early development may influence the physiological stress response system and therefore buffer the development of internalizing symptoms during preadolescence when risk for disorder onset is high.
在本研究中，我们考察了童年中期的养育方式和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴反应性是否能预测向青春期过渡期间内化症状的增加，以及HPA轴反应性是否介导了养育方式对内化症状的影响。该研究纳入了65名儿童（35名男孩），他们在5岁、7岁和11岁时接受了评估。养育行为在5岁和11岁时通过家长报告进行评估。儿童的HPA轴反应性在7岁时通过一项应激任务进行测量。内化症状在5岁和11岁时通过教师报告进行测量。5岁时母亲的高度温暖预示着11岁时较低的内化症状。此外，报告的母亲高度温暖和诱导预示着较低的HPA轴反应性。另外，7岁时较高的HPA轴反应性与5岁至11岁内化症状的更大增加相关。最后，5岁时母亲温暖与11岁内化症状之间的关联部分由对应激任务较低的皮质醇水平介导。因此，早期发育中的养育行为可能会影响生理应激反应系统，从而在青春期前疾病发作风险较高时缓冲内化症状的发展。
