Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland. Finnish Centre of Excellence in Interdisciplinary Music Research, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
Miina Sillanpää Foundation, Helsinki, Finland.
Gerontologist. 2014 Aug;54(4):634-50. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnt100. Epub 2013 Sep 5.
During aging, musical activities can help maintain physical and mental health and cognitive abilities, but their rehabilitative use has not been systematically explored in persons with dementia (PWDs). Our aim was to determine the efficacy of a novel music intervention based on coaching the caregivers of PWDs to use either singing or music listening regularly as a part of everyday care.
Eighty-nine PWD-caregiver dyads were randomized to a 10-week singing coaching group (n = 30), a 10-week music listening coaching group (n = 29), or a usual care control group (n = 30). The coaching sessions consisted primarily of singing/listening familiar songs coupled occasionally with vocal exercises and rhythmic movements (singing group) and reminiscence and discussions (music listening group). In addition, the intervention included regular musical exercises at home. All PWDs underwent an extensive neuropsychological assessment, which included cognitive tests, as well as mood and quality of life (QOL) scales, before and after the intervention period and 6 months later. In addition, the psychological well-being of family members was repeatedly assessed with questionnaires.
Compared with usual care, both singing and music listening improved mood, orientation, and remote episodic memory and to a lesser extent, also attention and executive function and general cognition. Singing also enhanced short-term and working memory and caregiver well-being, whereas music listening had a positive effect on QOL.
Regular musical leisure activities can have long-term cognitive, emotional, and social benefits in mild/moderate dementia and could therefore be utilized in dementia care and rehabilitation.
在衰老过程中，音乐活动有助于维持身心健康和认知能力，但它们在痴呆症患者（PWD）中的康复应用尚未得到系统探索。我们的目的是确定一种新的音乐干预措施的效果，该措施基于指导 PWD 的照顾者定期进行唱歌或听音乐，作为日常护理的一部分。
89 对 PWD-照顾者被随机分为 10 周唱歌指导组（n=30）、10 周音乐听指导组（n=29）或常规护理对照组（n=30）。指导课程主要包括唱/听熟悉的歌曲，偶尔伴有声乐练习和节奏运动（唱歌组）和怀旧和讨论（音乐听组）。此外，干预还包括在家中定期进行音乐练习。所有 PWD 都接受了广泛的神经心理学评估，包括认知测试，以及情绪和生活质量（QOL）量表，在干预期前后和 6 个月后进行。此外，还通过问卷反复评估家庭成员的心理健康状况。
与常规护理相比，唱歌和听音乐都改善了情绪、定向和远程情景记忆，在一定程度上也改善了注意力和执行功能以及一般认知。唱歌还增强了短期和工作记忆以及照顾者的幸福感，而听音乐对 QOL 有积极影响。
定期进行音乐休闲活动可以在轻度/中度痴呆症中带来长期的认知、情感和社会益处，因此可以在痴呆症护理和康复中得到利用。
