Erwin Cathleen O
Department of Political Science, Auburn University, USA.
J Health Hum Serv Adm. 2013 Summer;36(1):24-60.
Charitable contributions are becoming increasingly important to nonprofit hospitals, yet fundraising can sometimes be one of the more troublesome aspects of management for nonprofit organizations. This study utilizes an organizational effectiveness and performance framework to identify groups of nonprofit organizations as a method of classifying organizations for performance evaluation and benchmarking that may be more informative than commonly used characteristics such as organizational age and size. Cluster analysis, ANOVA and chi-square analysis are used to study 401 organizations, which includes hospital foundations as well as nonprofit hospitals directly engaged in fundraising. Three distinct clusters of organizations are identified based on performance measures of productivity, efficiency, and complexity. A general profile is developed for each cluster based upon the cluster analysis variables and subsequent analysis of variance on measures of structure, maturity, and legitimacy as well as selected institutional characteristics. This is one of only a few studies to examine fundraising performance in hospitals and hospital foundations, and is the first to utilize data from an industry survey conducted by the leading general professional association for healthcare philanthropy. It has methodological implications for the study of fundraising as well as practical implications for the strategic management of fundraising for nonprofit hospital and hospital foundations.
慈善捐赠对非营利性医院来说变得越来越重要，然而筹款有时可能是非营利组织管理中比较棘手的方面之一。本研究利用组织有效性和绩效框架来识别非营利组织群体，以此作为对组织进行绩效评估和基准比较的一种分类方法，这种方法可能比常用的特征（如组织年龄和规模）更具信息价值。聚类分析、方差分析和卡方分析被用于研究401个组织，其中包括医院基金会以及直接参与筹款的非营利性医院。基于生产力、效率和复杂性的绩效指标，识别出了三个不同的组织集群。根据聚类分析变量以及随后对结构、成熟度和合法性指标以及选定的机构特征进行的方差分析，为每个集群制定了总体概况。这是为数不多的研究医院和医院基金会筹款绩效的研究之一，也是首个利用由医疗慈善领域领先的一般专业协会进行的行业调查数据的研究。它对筹款研究具有方法学意义，对非营利性医院和医院基金会的筹款战略管理也具有实际意义。
