Knox Jean
Oxford, UK.
J Anal Psychol. 2013 Sep;58(4):491-509. doi: 10.1111/1468-5922.12029.
This paper discusses research by Beatrice Beebe, Bessel van der Kolk and others, exploring the interpersonal processes that underpin early relational trauma and how this contributes to adult psychopathology. An essential feature of early relational trauma, the infant's experience of being unable to evoke an empathic response from the caregiver and the feelings of shame this gives rise to, is discussed and its implications for psychotherapy are considered. The neuroscience that underpins two forms of empathy in the therapeutic relationship, of 'feeling for' and 'feeling with' the patient is discussed and explored in relation to the concordant and complementary countertransference. I argue that when therapists respond to the projection on to them of the abuser by an increasingly determined adherence to analytic technique, this may become a complementary countertransference identification with the abuser and an enactment of the abusive relationship.
本文讨论了比阿特丽斯·比贝、贝塞尔·范德·科尔克等人的研究，探讨了构成早期关系创伤的人际过程，以及这如何导致成人精神病理学。文中讨论了早期关系创伤的一个基本特征，即婴儿无法从照顾者那里唤起共情反应的经历以及由此产生的羞耻感，并考虑了其对心理治疗的影响。文中还讨论并探讨了支撑治疗关系中两种共情形式（即“为患者感同身受”和“与患者感同身受”）的神经科学，以及与之相关的一致和互补的反移情。我认为，当治疗师通过越来越坚定地坚持分析技术来回应施虐者投射到他们身上的内容时，这可能会成为与施虐者互补的反移情认同，并上演虐待关系。
