从脊椎动物基因组中鉴定化学感应受体基因。

Identification of chemosensory receptor genes from vertebrate genomes.

作者信息

Niimura Yoshihito

机构信息

Department of Bioinformatics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

出版信息

Methods Mol Biol. 2013;1068:95-105. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-619-1_7.

DOI:10.1007/978-1-62703-619-1_7

PMID:24014356

Abstract

Chemical senses are essential for the survival of animals. In vertebrates, mainly three different types of receptors, olfactory receptors (ORs), vomeronasal receptors type 1 (V1Rs), and vomeronasal receptors type 2 (V2Rs), are responsible for the detection of chemicals in the environment. Mouse or rat genomes contain >1,000 OR genes, forming the largest multigene family in vertebrates, and have >100 V1R and V2R genes as well. Recent advancement in genome sequencing enabled us to computationally identify nearly complete repertories of OR, V1R, and V2R genes from various organisms, revealing that the numbers of these genes are highly variable among different organisms depending on each species' living environment. Here I would explain bioinformatic methods to identify the entire repertoires of OR, V1R, and V2R genes from vertebrate genome sequences.

摘要

化学感官对动物的生存至关重要。在脊椎动物中，主要有三种不同类型的受体负责检测环境中的化学物质，即嗅觉受体（ORs）、1型犁鼻器受体（V1Rs）和2型犁鼻器受体（V2Rs）。小鼠或大鼠基因组包含超过1000个OR基因，形成了脊椎动物中最大的多基因家族，同时也有超过100个V1R和V2R基因。基因组测序技术的最新进展使我们能够通过计算从各种生物体中识别出几乎完整的OR、V1R和V2R基因库，这表明这些基因的数量在不同生物体中因每个物种的生活环境而有很大差异。在此，我将解释从脊椎动物基因组序列中识别OR、V1R和V2R基因完整库的生物信息学方法。