Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Science. 2013 Sep 13;341(6151):1199-204. doi: 10.1126/science.1241144.
Despite 30 years of study, there is no HIV-1 vaccine and, until recently, there was little hope for a protective immunization. Renewed optimism in this area of research comes in part from the results of a recent vaccine trial and the use of single-cell antibody-cloning techniques that uncovered naturally arising, broad and potent HIV-1-neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). These antibodies can protect against infection and suppress established HIV-1 infection in animal models. The finding that these antibodies develop in a fraction of infected individuals supports the idea that new approaches to vaccination might be developed by adapting the natural immune strategies or by structure-based immunogen design. Moreover, the success of passive immunotherapy in small-animal models suggests that bNAbs may become a valuable addition to the armamentarium of drugs that work against HIV-1.
尽管已经进行了 30 年的研究，但目前仍没有 HIV-1 疫苗，而且直到最近，也几乎看不到有希望开发出能起到预防作用的免疫制剂。该研究领域的研究人员最近重新看到了希望，这在一定程度上是因为最近的一项疫苗试验取得了成果，以及单细胞抗体克隆技术的应用，该技术发现了自然产生的、广谱且强效的 HIV-1 中和抗体（bNAbs）。这些抗体可以预防感染，并在动物模型中抑制已建立的 HIV-1 感染。有研究发现，这些抗体仅在部分感染个体中产生，这一发现支持了这样一种观点，即通过调整自然免疫策略或基于结构的免疫原设计，可能会开发出新的疫苗接种方法。此外，被动免疫疗法在小动物模型中的成功表明，bNAbs 可能成为对抗 HIV-1 的药物武器库中的一个有价值的补充。
