Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Toxicologia , São Leopoldo, RS , Brasil.
Braz J Microbiol. 2012 Apr;43(2):618-26. doi: 10.1590/S1517-83822012000200025. Epub 2012 Jun 1.
The screening of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry proteins with high potential to control insect pests has been the goal of numerous research groups. In this study, we evaluated six monogenic Bt strains (Bt dendrolimus HD-37, Bt kurstaki HD-1, Bt kurstaki HD-73, Bt thuringiensis 4412, Bt kurstaki NRD-12 and Bt entomocidus 60.5, which codify the cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry1Ba, cry1C, cry2A genes respectively) as potential insecticides for the most important insect pests of irrigated rice: Spodoptera frugiperda, Diatraea saccharalis, Oryzophagus oryzae, Oebalus poecilus and Tibraca limbativentris. We also analyzed their compatibility with chemical insecticides (thiamethoxam, labdacyhalothrin, malathion and fipronil), which are extensively used in rice crops. The bioassay results showed that Bt thuringiensis 4412 and Bt entomocidus 60.5 were the most toxic for the lepidopterans, with a 93% and 82% mortality rate for S. frugiperda and D. saccharalis, respectively. For O. oryzae, the Bt kurstaki NRD-12 (64%) and Bt dendrolimus HD-37 (62%) strains were the most toxic. The Bt dendrolimus HD-37 strain also caused high mortality (82%) to O. poecilus, however the strains assessed to T. limbativentris caused a maximum rate of 5%. The assays for the Bt strains interaction with insecticides revealed the compatibility of the six strains with the four insecticides tested. The results from this study showed the high potential of cry1Aa and cry1Ba genes for genetic engineering of rice plants or the strains to biopesticide formulations.
筛选具有潜在控制害虫能力的苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bt）Cry 蛋白一直是众多研究小组的目标。在这项研究中，我们评估了六个单基因 Bt 菌株（分别编码 cry1Aa、cry1Ab、cry1Ac、cry1Ba、cry1C 和 cry2A 基因的 Bt dendrolimus HD-37、Bt kurstaki HD-1、Bt kurstaki HD-73、Bt thuringiensis 4412、Bt kurstaki NRD-12 和 Bt entomocidus 60.5），作为灌溉水稻最重要害虫的潜在杀虫剂：草地贪夜蛾、玉米螟、褐飞虱、大猿叶甲和稻绿蝽。我们还分析了它们与化学杀虫剂（噻虫嗪、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、马拉硫磷和氟虫腈）的兼容性，这些杀虫剂在水稻作物中广泛使用。生物测定结果表明，Bt thuringiensis 4412 和 Bt entomocidus 60.5 对鳞翅目昆虫毒性最大，对草地贪夜蛾和玉米螟的致死率分别为 93%和 82%。对褐飞虱而言，Bt kurstaki NRD-12（64%）和 Bt dendrolimus HD-37（62%）菌株毒性最大。Bt dendrolimus HD-37 菌株对大猿叶甲也引起高死亡率（82%），但评估的菌株对稻绿蝽的最大死亡率为 5%。Bt 菌株与杀虫剂相互作用的测定结果表明，这 6 个菌株与 4 种测试杀虫剂兼容。本研究结果表明，cry1Aa 和 cry1Ba 基因具有将水稻植物进行基因工程改造或制成生物农药制剂的巨大潜力。
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