Grant Susan
University of Toronto and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Nurs Hist Rev. 2014;22:13-36. doi: 10.1891/1062-8061.22.13.
Russian and Soviet nurse refugees faced myriad challenges attempting to become registered nurses in North America and elsewhere after the World War II. By drawing primarily on International Council of Nurses refugee files, a picture can be pieced together of the fate that befell many of those women who left Russia and later the Soviet Union because of revolution and war in the years after 1917. The history of first (after World War I) and second (after World War II) wave émigré nurses, integrated into the broader historical narrative, reveals that professional identity was just as important to these women as national identity. This became especially so after World War II, when Russian and Soviet refugee nurses resettled in the West. Individual accounts become interwoven on an international canvas that brings together a wide range of personal experiences from women based in Russia, the Soviet Union, China, Yugoslavia, Canada, the United States, and elsewhere. The commonality of experience among Russian nurses as they attempted to establish their professional identities highlights, through the prism of Russia, the importance of the history of the displaced nurse experience in the wider context of international migration history.
二战后，俄罗斯和苏联的护士难民在试图于北美及其他地区成为注册护士时面临着无数挑战。主要通过查阅国际护士理事会的难民档案，可以拼凑出一幅关于许多女性命运的图景，这些女性在1917年后的数年里，由于革命和战争离开了俄罗斯，后来又离开了苏联。融入更广泛历史叙述中的第一代（一战后）和第二代（二战后）移民护士的历史表明，职业身份对这些女性来说与国家身份同样重要。二战后尤其如此，当时俄罗斯和苏联的难民护士在西方重新定居。个人叙述在一幅国际画卷中交织在一起，这幅画卷汇集了来自俄罗斯、苏联、中国、南斯拉夫、加拿大、美国及其他地方女性的广泛个人经历。俄罗斯护士在试图确立其职业身份时的共同经历，通过俄罗斯这个视角，凸显了流离失所护士经历的历史在更广泛的国际移民历史背景下的重要性。
