Kim Hong-San, Oh Jin-Ho, Choi Da-Yae, Lee Jae-Gi, Choi Jong-Hoon, Hu Kyung-Seok, Kim Hee-Jin, Yang Hun-Mu
From the *Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Center; and †Department of Oral Diagnosis and Oral Medicine, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.
J Craniofac Surg. 2013 Sep;24(5):1565-8. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e318299775d.
The zygomatic nerve (ZN), which originates from the maxillary nerve at the pterygopalatine fossa, enters the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure. Within the lateral region of the orbit, the ZN divides into the zygomaticofacial (ZF) and zygomaticotemporal (ZT) nerves. The ZF and ZT nerves then pass on to the face and temporal region through the zygomaticoorbital foramen and enter their own bony canals within the zygomatic bone. However, multiple zygomaticofacial and zygomaticotemporal canals (ZFCs and ZTCs, respectively) can be observed, and their detailed intrabony courses are unknown. The aim of this study was clarify the three-dimensional intrabony courses and running patterns of the ZFCs and ZTCs, both to obtain a detailed anatomical description and for clinical purposes. Fourteen sides of the zygomatic bones were scanned as two-dimensional images using a micro-computed tomography (CT), with 32-μm slice thickness. Intrabony structures of each canals were three-dimensionally reconstructed and analyzed using Mimics computer software (Version 10.01; Materialise, Leuven, Belgium). We found that some ZTC was originated from ZFC. In 71.4% of the specimens, the ZTC(s) divided from the intrabony canal along the course of the ZFC(s). In other cases, 28.6% of ZTCs were opened through each corresponding ZT foramen. Zygomaticofacial canal originates from zygomaticoorbital foramen, divided into some of ZTCs, and is finally opened as ZF foramen. This new anatomical description of the intrabony structures of the ZFC(s) and ZTC(s) within the zygomatic bone by micro-CT technology provided helpful information to surgeons performing clinical procedures such as Le Fort osteotomy and reconstructive surgeries in the midface region.
颧神经（ZN）起源于翼腭窝的上颌神经，经眶下裂进入眼眶。在眼眶外侧区域，ZN分为颧面（ZF）神经和颧颞（ZT）神经。然后，ZF和ZT神经通过颧眶孔传至面部和颞区，并进入颧骨内各自的骨管。然而，可以观察到多个颧面管和颧颞管（分别为ZFC和ZTC），其详细的骨内走行尚不清楚。本研究的目的是阐明ZFC和ZTC的三维骨内走行及走行模式，以获得详细的解剖学描述并用于临床目的。使用微计算机断层扫描（CT）对14侧颧骨进行二维图像扫描，层厚32μm。使用Mimics计算机软件（版本10.01；Materialise，比利时鲁汶）对每个管的骨内结构进行三维重建和分析。我们发现一些ZT管起源于ZF管。在71.4%的标本中，ZT管从骨内管沿ZF管走行处发出。在其他情况下，28.6%的ZT管通过各自相应的ZT孔开口。颧面管起源于颧眶孔，分为一些ZT管，最终作为ZF孔开口。通过微CT技术对颧骨内ZFC和ZTC骨内结构的这一新的解剖学描述为进行诸如Le Fort截骨术和中面部区域重建手术等临床操作的外科医生提供了有用信息。
