Gisvold J J
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
Mayo Clin Proc. 1990 Jan;65(1):56-66. doi: 10.1016/s0025-6196(12)62110-7.
Procedures for imaging of the breast have increased in number substantially in the past 30 years. Mammography, currently the most important breast imaging technique, was introduced at the Mayo Clinic in 1961. In 1988, more than 36,000 mammographic procedures were done. Breast ultrasonography is also a valuable examination, particularly for determining whether mass lesions are cystic or solid. The use of mammography for screening is increasing. Screening mammography allows the detection of breast cancer before it is palpable and while it is still in a stage known as minimal breast cancer. Lesions metastatic to axillary lymph nodes are less common in women with nonpalpable breast cancers than in women with palpable lesions. Nondiagnostic mammography should not delay the biopsy of a mass that is suspicious on physical examination. A special breast imaging center for performance of screening studies and evaluation of breast problems has been established at the Mayo Clinic.
在过去30年里，乳腺成像检查的数量大幅增加。乳腺X线摄影术是目前最重要的乳腺成像技术，于1961年在梅奥诊所被引入。1988年，进行了超过36000例乳腺X线摄影检查。乳腺超声检查也是一项有价值的检查，特别是对于确定肿块病变是囊性还是实性。乳腺X线摄影术用于筛查的情况正在增加。筛查性乳腺X线摄影术能够在乳腺癌可触及之前、仍处于所谓微小乳腺癌阶段时检测到它。与有可触及病变的女性相比，不可触及乳腺癌女性中转移至腋窝淋巴结的病变较少见。对于体格检查可疑的肿块，非诊断性乳腺X线摄影不应延误活检。梅奥诊所已设立了一个专门的乳腺成像中心，用于进行筛查研究和评估乳腺问题。
