Bartrem Casey, Tirima Simba, von Lindern Ian, von Braun Margrit, Worrell Mary Claire, Mohammad Anka Shehu, Abdullahi Aishat, Moller Gregory
a Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology Laboratory , University of Idaho , Moscow , ID , USA.
Int J Environ Health Res. 2014 Aug;24(4):304-19. doi: 10.1080/09603123.2013.835028. Epub 2013 Sep 17.
The lead poisoning crisis in Zamfara State, Northern Nigeria has been called the worst such case in modern history and it presents unique challenges for risk assessment and management of co-exposure to multiple heavy metals. More than 400 children have died in Zamfara as a result of ongoing lead intoxication since early in 2010. A review of the common toxic endpoints of the major heavy metals advances analysis of co-exposures and their common pathologies. Environmental contamination in Bagega village, examined by X-ray fluorescence of soils, includes lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic and manganese. Co-exposure risk is explored by scoring common toxic endpoints and hazard indices to calculate a common pathology hazard risk ranking of Pb > As > Hg >> Cd > Mn. Zamfara presents an extreme picture of both lead and multiple heavy metal mortality and morbidity, but similar situations have become increasingly prevalent worldwide.
尼日利亚北部赞法拉州的铅中毒危机被称为现代历史上最严重的此类事件，它给多种重金属共同暴露的风险评估和管理带来了独特挑战。自2010年初以来，赞法拉已有400多名儿童因持续的铅中毒死亡。对主要重金属常见毒性终点的综述推进了对共同暴露及其常见病理的分析。通过土壤的X射线荧光检测发现，巴盖加村的环境污染包括铅、汞、镉、砷和锰。通过对常见毒性终点和危害指数进行评分来探索共同暴露风险，以计算出铅>砷>汞>>镉>锰的常见病理危害风险排名。赞法拉呈现出铅和多种重金属导致死亡和发病的极端情况，但类似情况在全球范围内已日益普遍。
