Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine.
Jpn J Infect Dis. 2013;66(5):411-5. doi: 10.7883/yoken.66.411.
We evaluated the seroprevalence of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases among Japanese healthcare students to create immunization guidelines. Between 2007 and 2012, a total of 1746 Japanese medical, nursing, and paramedical students were serologically screened for measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) antibodies at the time of admission. In 2007, the seroprevalence of measles and mumps was 52.7% and 65.6%, respectively. The seroprevalence of measles dramatically increased to 96.6% in 2009 and was then sustained at >90%. The seroprevalence of mumps gradually increased to >80.0% between 2010 and 2012. The seroprevalence of rubella remained at >90% except in 2008 (85.6%), and the seroprevalence of varicella was sustained at >92% throughout 2007-2012. The seroprevalence of HBV antibody remained at <7% during 2007-2012. Although the seroprevalence of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases among Japanese healthcare students increased during the 2007-2012 study period, a substantial number of students were susceptible to vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. Therefore, we propose targeted immunization of Japanese healthcare students using serological screening prior to clinical training.
我们评估了日本医学生群体中预防疫苗可预防传染病的血清流行率，以制定免疫接种指南。2007 年至 2012 年间，共有 1746 名日本医学生、护生和辅助医疗学生在入学时接受了麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹、水痘和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）抗体的血清学筛查。2007 年，麻疹和腮腺炎的血清流行率分别为 52.7%和 65.6%。2009 年麻疹的血清流行率急剧上升至 96.6%，随后一直维持在>90%。2010 年至 2012 年期间，腮腺炎的血清流行率逐渐上升至>80.0%。风疹的血清流行率除 2008 年（85.6%）外，一直维持在>90%，水痘的血清流行率在 2007-2012 年期间一直维持在>92%。HBV 抗体的血清流行率在 2007-2012 年期间一直维持在<7%。尽管日本医学生群体中预防疫苗可预防传染病的血清流行率在 2007-2012 年研究期间有所上升，但仍有相当数量的学生易感染预防疫苗可预防的传染病。因此，我们建议在临床培训前对日本医学生进行有针对性的免疫接种，同时结合血清学筛查。
