Kumar D, Singh K P, Jaiswal R K
Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
Mycobiology. 2005 Dec;33(4):194-9. doi: 10.4489/MYCO.2005.33.4.194. Epub 2005 Dec 31.
Application of fertilizers such as urea, diammonium phosphate (DAP) and muriate of potash in soil adversely affected the spore germination of Arthrobotrys dactyloides. Amendment of soil with urea at the concentrations of 1.0%, 0.5% and 0.1% completely inhibited spore germination and direct trap formation on the conidium, whereas muriate of potash delayed and reduced the spore germination even at the lowest concentration. DAP also inhibited spore germination at 1.0% concentration, while at lower concentration the percentage of spore germination was reduced. Application of neem cake at the concentration of 0.5% also inhibited spore germination after 24 h of amendment. The inhibitory effect of neem cake was reduced after 15 days of amendment, while after 30 days after amendment the inhibitory effect was completely lost and the spore germinated by direct trap as in unamended soil. Nematodes were not attracted to ungerminated spores after 24 h of amendment. After 15 days of amendment nematodes were attracted to agar blocks containing fewer germinated spores after 24 h of incubation but after 48 h of incubation large number of nematodes were attracted and trapped by the germinated spores with direct traps. After 30 days of amendment, larger number of nematodes were attracted and trapped by direct traps.
在土壤中施用尿素、磷酸二铵（DAP）和氯化钾等肥料对指状节丛孢的孢子萌发产生了不利影响。用浓度为1.0%、0.5%和0.1%的尿素改良土壤，完全抑制了孢子萌发以及分生孢子上直接捕器的形成，而氯化钾即使在最低浓度下也会延迟和降低孢子萌发。DAP在浓度为1.0%时也抑制孢子萌发，而在较低浓度下孢子萌发率降低。在改良24小时后，施用浓度为0.5%的印楝饼也抑制了孢子萌发。改良15天后，印楝饼的抑制作用减弱，而在改良30天后，抑制作用完全消失，孢子如同在未改良土壤中一样通过直接捕器萌发。改良24小时后，线虫不会被未萌发的孢子吸引。改良15天后，线虫会被培养24小时后含有较少萌发孢子的琼脂块吸引，但在培养48小时后，大量线虫会被带有直接捕器的萌发孢子吸引并捕获。改良30天后，大量线虫被直接捕器吸引并捕获。
